Bootstrap：简介和基本使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 23:07:09 发布

程序员无羡

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 23:07:09 发布

阅读量1.3k

点赞数 29

文章标签： bootstrap 前端 html

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45427648/article/details/136863682

版权

本文介绍了Bootstrap，一个由Twitter开发的前端UI框架，涵盖了CSS样式、响应式设计、栅格系统、按钮和表格样式、导航组件、轮播图以及字体图标的使用方法。通过实例展示了如何在HTML中应用Bootstrap的各种元素和功能。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

简介

Bootstrap 是由 Twitter 公司开发维护的前端 UI 框架，它提供了大量编写好的 CSS 样式，允许开发者结合一定HTML 结构及JavaScript，快速编写功能完善的网页及常见交互效果。

中文官网: https://www.bootcss.com/
使用步骤
下载：Bootstrap V5中文文档 → 进入中文文档 → 下载 →下载 Bootstrap 生产文件
在这里插入图片描述
使用

引入 Bootstrap CSS 文件

<link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">

调用类名： container 响应式布局版心类

<div class="container">测试</div>

字体图标
下载
导航 / Extend：图标库 → 安装 → 下载安装包 → bootstrap-icons-1.X.X.zip
使用

复制 fonts 文件夹到项目目录
网页引入 bootstrap-icons.css 文件
调用 CSS 类名（图标对应的类名）

<i class="bi-android2"></i>

体验

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>体验Bootstrap</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container">
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">1</div>
      <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">1</div>
      <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">1</div>
      <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">1</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

使用

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>使用方法</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
  <style>
    div {
      height: 50px;
      background-color: pink;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container">1</div>
</body>
</html>

栅格系统

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>栅格系统</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
  <!-- 
    视口宽度大于等于1200px，一行排4个盒子 → 3
    视口宽度大于等于768px，一行排2个盒子
    视口宽度大于等于576px，一行排1个盒子
   -->
   <!-- 版心 → row → 子级 -->
   <div class="container">
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-xl-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">1</div>
      <div class="col-xl-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">2</div>
      <div class="col-xl-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">3</div>
      <div class="col-xl-3 col-md-6 col-sm-12">4</div>
    </div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

按钮样式

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>按钮样式</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
  <button class="btn btn-success btn-sm">按钮1</button>
  <button class="btn btn-warning btn-lg">按钮2</button>
</body>
</html>

表格样式

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>表格样式</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
  </head>
  <body>
    <table class="table table-striped table-hover">
      <tr class="table-success">
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>年龄</th>
        <th>性别</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>张三</td>
        <td>18</td>
        <td>男</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>李四</td>
        <td>20</td>
        <td>女</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>王五</td>
        <td>18</td>
        <td>男</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>赵六</td>
        <td>20</td>
        <td>女</td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

组件

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>组件</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
  <style>
    .bg-body-tertiary {
      background-color: pink !important;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <!-- 导航 -->
  <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg bg-body-tertiary">
    <div class="container-fluid">
      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
      <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
        <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
      </button>
      <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
        <ul class="navbar-nav">
          <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link active" aria-current="page" href="#">首页</a>
          </li>
          <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link" href="#">课程</a>
          </li>
          <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link" href="#">课程资料</a>
          </li>
          <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link" href="#">视频</a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    </div>
  </nav>

  <!-- 轮播图 -->
  <div id="carouselExampleIndicators" class="carousel slide">
    <div class="carousel-indicators">
      <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="0" class="active" aria-current="true" aria-label="Slide 1"></button>
      <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="1" aria-label="Slide 2"></button>
      <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="2" aria-label="Slide 3"></button>
      <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="3" aria-label="Slide 4"></button>
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-inner">
      <div class="carousel-item active">
        <img src="./images/banner_1.jpg" class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      </div>
      <div class="carousel-item">
        <img src="./images/banner_2.jpg" class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      </div>
      <div class="carousel-item">
        <img src="./images/banner_3.jpg" class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      </div>
      <div class="carousel-item">
        <img src="./images/banner_4.jpg" class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      </div>
    </div>
    <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide="prev">
      <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
      <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
    </button>
    <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide="next">
      <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
      <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
    </button>
  </div>

  <script src="./Bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

字体图标

在这里插入图片描述

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>字体图标</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./Bootstrap/font/bootstrap-icons.css">
    <style>
      .bi-android2 {
        font-size: 100px;
        color: green;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <span class="bi-android2"></span>
  </body>
</html>