编辑浏览 UCB CS61A HW01 Q3: Make Repeater

来看一个案例：
Implement the function make_repeater so that make_repeater(func, n)(x) returns func(func(...func(x)...)), where func is applied n times.
For an extra challenge, try defining make_repeater using compose1 and your accumulate function in a single one-line return statement.
案例来源：UCB US61A: Python > HW 02 > Q3

from operator import add
identity = lambda x: x
increment = lambda x: x + 1

def compose1(func1, func2):
	def f(x):
		return func1(func2(x))
	return f

def accumulate(combiner, base, n, term):
	result, k = base, 1
	while k <= n:
		result, k =  combiner(result, term(k)), k + 1
	return result

def make_repeater(func, n):
	"""Return a function that computes the nth application of func.
	>>> add_three = make_repeater(increment, 3)
	>>> add_three(5)
	8
	"""
	"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
	# return accumulate(compose1, func, n, func) #k=1时func应用了两次❌
	# return accumulate(compose1, func, n, identity) #term=identity，随参数k递增取值变化❌
	# 报错代码示例：return accumulate(compose1, identity, n, func) #term=func，随参数k递增取值变化❌
    return accumulate(compose1, identity, n, lambda x: func) # 正解

1. Use Ok to test your code

查看报错定位及提示

% python3 ok -q make_repeater
--------
Doctests for make_repeater

>>> from hw02 import *
>>> add_three = make_repeater(increment, 3)
>>> add_three(5)
Traceback (most recent call last):
	File "/.../hw02.py", line xxx, in f
		return func1(func2(x))
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable

# Error: expect
# 		8
# but got
# 		Traceback (most recent call last):
#			...
# 		TypeError: 'int' object is not callable
--------

在执行add_three(5)测试代码的过程中，执行make_repeater，再执行compose1函数中的func1(func2(x))语句时，int型对象未被调用；
即指整数型参数5未被调用；
但是，compose1函数中定义了

2. Edit code in Online Python Tutor

查看报错前代码执行步骤
On line Python Tutor
执行至阻断语句，提示:

TypeError: 'int' object is not callable

定义add_three函数时，

1. 调用make_repeater函数，
   1.1 调用accumulator函数，k=1
   1.1.1 调用term函数，即increment λ函数，x=k=1，return value = term(1)=increment(1)=2

据此分析：参数

正解：
定义add_three函数时，

1. 调用make_repeater函数，
   1.1 调用accumulator函数，k=1
   1.1.1 调用term函数，即lambda x: func。⚠️ x=k=1，但是lambda表达式仍然是一个函数，当期被命名并调用参数时才会计算出结果，如此便避免了随参数k递增而得变化的结果值