题目链接
分析:
因为异或满足可减性,可以考虑像前缀和一样维护前缀异或和,即
令
s n = a 1 ⊕ a 2 ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ a n s_n = a_1 \oplus a_2 \oplus \cdots \oplus a_n sn=a1⊕a2⊕⋯⊕an
则有
a l ⊕ a l + 1 ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ a r = s r ⊕ s l − 1 a_l \oplus a_{l + 1} \oplus \cdots \oplus a_r = s_r \oplus s_{l - 1} al⊕al+1