PyQt介绍——绘图QPen和Qbrush

一、QPen

QPen（钢笔）是一个基本的图形对象，用于绘制直线，曲线或者给轮廓画出矩形，椭圆形，多边形及其他形状

例子：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt


class QPenDemo(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 270)
        self.setWindowTitle('画线条')

    def paintEvent(self, e):
        qp = QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawLines(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawLines(self, qp):
        pen = QPen(Qt.blue, 3, Qt.SolidLine)

        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 40, 250, 40)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.DashLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 80, 250, 80)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.DashDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 120, 250, 120)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.DotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 160, 250, 160)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.DashDotDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 200, 250, 200)

        pen.setStyle(Qt.CustomDashLine)
        pen.setDashPattern([1, 4, 5, 4])
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 240, 250, 240)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo = QPenDemo()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

二、Qbrush

PyQt5中QBrush 是一个用于绘制图形的工具。QBrush 对象主要用于定义图形的填充方式，比如颜色、纹理等。与 QPainter 对象一起使用，QBrush 负责在窗口或小部件上绘制图形

部分填充样式：

方法	描述
Qt.SolidPattern	填充单一的颜色，没有任图案。
Qt.Dense1Pattern	密集填充图案1
Qt.Dense2Pattern	密集填充图案2
Qt.Dense3Pattern	密集填充图案3
Qt.Dense5Pattern	密集填充图案5
Qt.HorPattern	绘制水平线条图案。
Qt.FDiagPattern	绘制斜向的线条，线条从左上角到右下角。
Qt.DiagCrossPattern	绘制较差斜向线条。

例子：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt


class QBrushDemo(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 365, 280)
        self.setWindowTitle('填充')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):
        qp = QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawLines(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawLines(self, qp):
        brush = QBrush(Qt.SolidPattern)
        brush.setColor(QColor(Qt.green))
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense1Pattern)
        brush.setColor(QColor(Qt.blue))
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense2Pattern)
        brush.setColor(QColor(Qt.red))
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense3Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.DiagCrossPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense5Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 105, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.Dense6Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 105, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.HorPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 195, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.VerPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 195, 90, 60)

        brush = QBrush(Qt.BDiagPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 195, 90, 60)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo = QBrushDemo()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

三、绘制文字

QPainter.drawText

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor, QFont
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt


class DrawTextDemo(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(DrawTextDemo, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setWindowTitle("绘画文字")
        self.resize(500, 400)
        self.text = '你好我是背景文字'

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QPainter(self)
        painter.begin(self)

        # 自定义的绘画方法
        painter.setPen(QColor(220, 190, 255))  # 设置颜色
        # 设置字体
        painter.setFont(QFont('SimSun', 25))
        # 画出文本
        painter.drawText(event.rect(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text)

        painter.end()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    demo = DrawTextDemo()
    demo.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())