c++ Primer Plus 第九章 答案

第1题：
golf.h

//golf.h
#ifndef GOLF_H_
#define GOLF_H_

const int Len = 4;

struct golf
{
	char fullname[Len];
	int handicap;
};

void setgolf(golf& g, const char* name, int hc);

int setgolf(golf& g);

void handicap(golf& g, int hc);

void showgolf(const golf& g);

#endif // !GOLF_H_

golf.app

//golf.app
#include <iostream>
#include "golf.h"

void setgolf(golf& g, const char* name, int hc)
{
	strncpy_s(g.fullname, Len, name, Len - 1);
	g.handicap = hc;
}

int setgolf(golf& g)
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	cout << "Input name: ";
	cin.get(g.fullname, Len);
	if (strlen(g.fullname)!=0)
	{
		while (cin.get() != '\n')
		{
			continue;
		}
		cout << "Input handicap: ";
		cin >> g.handicap;
		cin.get();
	}
	return strlen(g.fullname) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
}

void handicap(golf& g, int hc)
{
	g.handicap = hc;
}

void showgolf(const golf& g)
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::endl;
	cout << "Fullname: " << g.fullname << endl;
	cout << "Handicap: " << g.handicap << endl;
}

main.app

//main.app
#include <iostream>
#include "golf.h"

int main()
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	using std::endl;

	golf enn;
	setgolf(enn, "abcdefg", 33);
	showgolf(enn);

	golf andy;
	setgolf(andy);
	showgolf(andy);

	golf player[5];
	int n;
	for (n = 0; n < 5; n++)
	{
		if (setgolf(player[n]) == 0)
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		showgolf(player[i]);
	}
	

	return 0;
}

第2题

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
void strcount(const std::string& str);

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	string input;

	cout << "Enter a line:\n";
	while (getline(cin, input) && input != "")
	{
		strcount(input);
		cout << "Enter next line (empty line to quit): \n";
	}
	cout << "Bye\n";
}


void strcount(const std::string& str)
{
	using namespace std;
	static int total = 0;
	int count = str.size();
	cout << "\"" << str << "\" contains "<< count << " characters\n";
	total += count;
	cout << total << " characters total\n";
}

第3题
方法一：静态数组

//静态数组
#include <iostream>
#include <new>
const int N = 5;
const int ArSize = 20;
char buffer[1024];

struct chaff
{
	char dross[ArSize];
	int slag;
};

int main()
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	using std::endl;
	chaff* p1 = new (buffer) chaff[N];  //定位new运算符
	int count = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < N; ++count, i++)
	{
		char temp[ArSize];
		cout << "Enter dross (empty line to quit): ";
		cin.get(temp, ArSize);

		if (strlen(temp) != 0)
		{
			while (cin.get() != '\n')
			{
				continue;
			}
		}
		else if (strlen(temp) == 0)
		{
			break;
		}

		strncpy_s(p1[i].dross, ArSize, temp, ArSize - 1);
		
		cout << "Enter slag:";
		cin >> p1[i].slag;
		cin.get();
	}

	cout << endl << endl;

	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		cout << "Dross " << i + 1 << ": " << p1[i].dross << endl;
		cout << "Slag " << i + 1 << ": " << p1[i].slag << endl;
	}
}

方法二：常规new运算符

#include <iostream>
const int N = 5;
const int ArSize = 20;

struct chaff
{
	char dross[ArSize];
	int slag;
};

int main()
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	using std::endl;
	char* buffer = new char[1024];
	chaff* p1 = new (buffer)chaff[N];  //定位New运算符
	int count = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < N; ++count, i++)
	{
		char temp[ArSize];
		cout << "Enter dross (empty line to quit): ";
		cin.get(temp, ArSize);

		if (strlen(temp) != 0)
		{
			while (cin.get() != '\n')
			{
				continue;
			}
		}
		else if (strlen(temp) == 0)
		{
			break;
		}

		strncpy_s(p1[i].dross, ArSize, temp, ArSize - 1);
		
		cout << "Enter slag:";
		cin >> p1[i].slag;
		cin.get();
	}

	cout << endl << endl;

	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		cout << "Dross " << i + 1 << ": " << p1[i].dross << endl;
		cout << "Slag " << i + 1 << ": " << p1[i].slag << endl;
	}
	delete[] p1;
}

第4题
sales.h

#ifndef SALES_H_
#define SALES_H

namespace SALES
{
	const int QUARTERS = 4;
	struct Sales
	{
		double sales[QUARTERS];
		double average;
		double max;
		double min;
	};

	void setSales(Sales& safe_cast, const double ar[], int n);

	void setSales(Sales& s);

	void showSales(const Sales& s);
}

#endif // !SALES_H_

sales.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "sales.h"

namespace SALES
{
	void setSales(Sales& safe_cast, const double ar[], int n)
	{
		using std::cout;

		if (n > 0 && n <= QUARTERS)
		{
			double sum = 0;
			double temp_max = ar[0];
			double temp_min = ar[0];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			{
				safe_cast.sales[i] = ar[i];
				sum += ar[i];
				temp_max = temp_max > ar[i] ? temp_max : ar[i];
				temp_min = temp_min < ar[i] ? temp_min : ar[i];

			}
			for (int i = n; i < QUARTERS; i++)
			{
				safe_cast.sales[i] = 0;
				temp_min = 0;
			}
			safe_cast.average = sum / QUARTERS;
			safe_cast.max = temp_max;
			safe_cast.min = temp_min;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "Error times. Exit!\n";
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}

	}

	void setSales(Sales& s)
	{
		using std::cout;
		using std::cin;
		int times;

		cout << "Input sales times:\n";
		cin >> times;
		while (times <= 0 || times > QUARTERS)
		{
			cout << "Error input, Please input a new number 1-4: ";
			cin >> times;
		}

		double* arr = new double[QUARTERS];
		for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
		{
			cout << "Quarter #" << i + 1 << ": ";
			cin >> arr[i];
		}
		for (int i = times; i < QUARTERS; i++)
		{
			arr[i] = 0;
		}

		setSales(s, arr, QUARTERS);
		delete[] arr;
	}

	void showSales(const Sales& s)
	{
		using std::cout;
		using std::endl;

		int count = std::size(s.sales);
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
		{
			cout << "Quarter #" << i + 1 << ": " << s.sales[i] << endl;
		}
		cout << "Average: " << s.average << endl;
		cout << "Max: " << s.max << endl;
		cout << "Min: " << s.min << endl;
	}
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "sales.h"

int main()
{
	using namespace SALES;
	using namespace std;

	double a1[1] = { 10 };
	double a3[3] = { 100,200,300 };
	double a4[4] = { 1000,2000,3000,4000 };

	Sales S1, S2;

	setSales(S1, a1, 1);
	showSales(S1);

	setSales(S1, a3, 3);
	showSales(S1);

	setSales(S1, a4, 4);
	showSales(S1);

	setSales(S2);
	showSales(S2);
}