kubernetes集群实战——资源监控（Metrics-Server、Dashboard部署)

1.什么是Metrics-Server？

Metrics-Server是集群核心监控数据的聚合器，用来替换之前的heapster。
容器相关的 Metrics 主要来自于 kubelet 内置的 cAdvisor 服务，有了MetricsServer之后，用户就可以通过标准的 Kubernetes API 来访问到这些监控数据。
Metrics API 只可以查询当前的度量数据，并不保存历史数据。
Metrics API URI 为 /apis/metrics.k8s.io/，在 k8s.io/metrics 维护。
必须部署 metrics-server 才能使用该 API，metrics-server 通过调用 Kubelet Summary API 获取数据。

Metrics Server 并不是 kube-apiserver 的一部分，而是通过 Aggregator 这种插件机制，在独立部署的情况下同 kube-apiserver 一起统一对外服务的。
kube-aggregator 其实就是一个根据 URL 选择具体的 API 后端的代理服务器。

Metrics-server属于Core metrics(核心指标)，提供API metrics.k8s.io，仅提供Node和Pod的 CPU和内存使用情况。而其他Custom Metrics(自定义指标)由Prometheus等组件来完成。

2.Metrics-Server安装部署

（1）Metrics-Server安装

[root@server2 ~]# mkdir ms
[root@server2 ~]# cd ms
[root@server2 ms]# wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.3.6/components.yaml
--2020-07-10 08:45:51--  https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.3.6/components.yaml
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 13.229.188.59
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|13.229.188.59|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/92132038/cf781b00-7752-11ea-9faf-0b397e7b8445?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20200710%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20200710T004553Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=789a7d64440556513b5a85483ba5d3aac7d562fafd68c8d4e5f4dd2c7cbf81a9&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&repo_id=92132038&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dcomponents.yaml&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]
--2020-07-10 08:45:53--  https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/92132038/cf781b00-7752-11ea-9faf-0b397e7b8445?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20200710%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20200710T004553Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=789a7d64440556513b5a85483ba5d3aac7d562fafd68c8d4e5f4dd2c7cbf81a9&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&repo_id=92132038&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dcomponents.yaml&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
Resolving github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)... 52.216.230.155
Connecting to github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)|52.216.230.155|:443... connected.
HTTP req