菜鸟的python学习笔记12

为变量添加类型提示：

1. 选择变量类型
2. alt + enter

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可变类型和不可变类型以及地址问题：

new_array = [''] * 10
new_array1 = [None] * 10
print(id(new_array), new_array)
print(id(new_array1), new_array1)

new_array2 = new_array1
print(id(new_array2), new_array2)
new_array2.append(555)
print(id(new_array1), new_array1)
new_array2 = new_array2 + [1, 2, 3]
print(id(new_array2), new_array2)
print(id(new_array1), new_array1)

执行结果

3001367345600 ['', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '']
3001367691968 [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]
3001367691968 [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]
3001367691968 [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, 555]
3001367694528 [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, 555, 1, 2, 3]
3001367691968 [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, 555]

可以看到，当执行

可变类型 = 可变类型

的时候，是写时复制的原理：地址相同，append之后相同，但是
如果使用 + 则会产生新的地址

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归并排序

python写归并排序存在一个申请太多的辅助空间的问题，要注意避免

merge_deal(left, right):
	pass
merge_sort(left, right):
	merge_sort(left, (left + right) // 2)
	merge_sort((left + right) // 2 + 1, right)
	merge_deal(left, right)

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快排

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堆排

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计数排序