python高级编程之死锁

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45912307/article/details/115608283

1.死锁定义: 在线程间共享多个资源的时候，如果两个线程分别占有一部分资源并且同时等待对方的资源， 就会造成死锁。使用互斥锁容易出现死锁

2.如何避免死锁：

• 以一个固定的顺序来取得锁，按照与取得锁相反的顺序释放锁
• 在适当的地方释放锁
• 设置加锁超时： lock.acquire(tiemout=t)

3. 死锁代码

from threading import Thread, Lock
import time
lockA = Lock()
lockB = Lock()
class MyThreading1(Thread):
    def run(self):
        if lockA.acquire():
            print(self.name + '获取了A锁')
            time.sleep(1)
            if lockB.acquire():
                print(self.name + '获取了B锁,原来还有A锁')
                lockB.release()
            lockA.release()
class MyThreading2(Thread):
    def run(self):
        if lockB.acquire():
            print(self.name + '获取了B锁')
            time.sleep(1)
            if lockA.acquire():
                print(self.name + '获取了A锁，原来还有B锁')
                lockA.release()
            lockB.release()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    t1 = MyThreading1()
    t2 = MyThreading2()
    t1.start()
    t2.start()
    t1.join()
    t2.join()
"""
输出：
   Thread-1获取了A锁
   Thread-2获取了B锁
"""

4. timeout 解决死锁

'''
1. 避免死锁：
- 代码重构
- 加timeout 超时释放锁
- 在适当的位置释放锁
'''
from threading import Thread, Lock
import time
lockA = Lock()
lockB = Lock()
class MyThreading1(Thread):
    def run(self):
        if lockA.acquire():
            print(self.name + '获取了A锁')
            time.sleep(1)
            if lockB.acquire(timeout=5): # B锁已被MyThreading2拿走
                print(self.name + '获取了B锁,原来还有A锁')
                lockB.release()
            lockA.release()
class MyThreading2(Thread):
    def run(self):
        if lockB.acquire():
            print(self.name + '获取了B锁')
            time.sleep(1)
            if lockA.acquire(timeout=5):
                print(self.name + '获取了A锁，原来还有B锁')
                lockA.release()
            lockB.release()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    t1 = MyThreading1()
    t2 = MyThreading2()
    t1.start()
    t2.start()
    t1.join()
    t2.join()
"""
输出：
   Thread-1获取了A锁
   Thread-2获取了B锁
   Thread-2获取了A锁，原来还有B锁
"""