视频地址:黑马程序员匠心之作|C++教程从0到1入门编程,学习编程不再难_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
目录
生活中你家有客厅(Public),有你的卧室。剋他那个所有来的客人都可以进去,但是卧室是你私有的,也就是说只有你能进去,但是,你也可以允许你的好闺蜜进去。
在程序里,有些私有属性也想让类外特殊的一些函数或者类进行访问,就需要用到友元的技术
友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类访问另外一个类中的私有成员
友元的关键字为friend
友元的三种实现:
- 全局函数做友元
- 类做友元
- 成员函数做友元
P118类和对象-友元-全局函数做友元
示例:
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
//客厅类
class Building {
//GoodGay全局函数是Building好朋友,可以访问Building中私有成员
friend void Goodgay(Building* building);
public:
Building() {
m_sittingRoom = "客厅";
m_bedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_sittingRoom;
private:
string m_bedRoom;
};
//全局函数
void Goodgay(Building* building) {
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_sittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_bedRoom << endl;
}
void test01() {
Building building;
Goodgay(&building);
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行后的结果为:
P119类和对象-友元-友元类
示例:
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class Building;
class GoodGay {
public:
GoodGay();
void visit();
private:
Building* building;
};
class Building {
//告诉编译器 goodGay类是Building类的好朋友,可以访问到Building类中私有内容
friend class GoodGay;
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
void test01()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
Building::Building() {
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay() {
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit() {
cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行后的结果为:
P120-类和对象-友元-成员函数做友元
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class Building;
class goodGay
{
public:
goodGay();
void visit(); //只让visit函数作为Building的好朋友,可以发访问Building中私有内容
void visit2(); //让visit2函数不可以访问Building中私有成员
private:
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
//告诉编译器 goodGay类中的visit成员函数 是Building好朋友,可以访问私有内容
friend void goodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
Building::Building()
{
this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
goodGay::goodGay()
{
building = new Building;
}
void goodGay::visit()
{
cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void goodGay::visit2()
{
cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
//cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
goodGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行后的结果为: