GUI编程
1. 简介
GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
2. AWT
2.1 Awt 介绍
- awt 指抽象的窗口工具，包含了很多类和接口，用于GUI编程：图形用户界面编程
- 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
- java.awt
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2.2 组件和容器
1.Frame(窗口)
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame
Frame frame= new Frame("我得第一个Java图像界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置背景颜色 Color
frame.setBackground(new Color(153, 114, 35));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
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问题：窗口无法关闭，只能停止Java程序
封装：
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args){
//展示多个弹窗 new
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.orange);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.gray);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.green);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.pink);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，需要一个计数器
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h, Color color){
super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
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2.面板Panel
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel,可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在 需要放在Frame上
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(196, 94, 97));
//panel设置坐标，相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,249,249);
panel.setBackground(new Color(255, 175, 175));
//frame.add(panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件System.exit(0);
//适配器模式：
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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2.3 布局管理器
-
流式布局
-
import java.awt.*; public class TestFlowLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame(); //组件-按钮 Button button1 = new Button("button1"); Button button2= new Button("button2"); Button button3 = new Button("button3"); //设置为流式布局 //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); frame.setSize(200,200); //把按钮添加上去 frame.add(button1); frame.add(button2); frame.add(button3); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
东西南北中布局
-
import java.awt.*; public class TestBorderLayout { public static void main(String[] args){ Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout"); Button east = new Button("East"); Button west = new Button("West"); Button south = new Button("South"); Button north = new Button("North"); Button center = new Button("Center"); frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST); frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST); frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH); frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH); frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.setSize(200,200); frame.setVisible(true); } }
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-
表格布局
import java.awt.*; public class TestGridLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout"); Button btn1 = new Button("btn1"); Button btn2 = new Button("btn2"); Button btn3 = new Button("btn3"); Button btn4 = new Button("btn4"); Button btn5 = new Button("btn5"); Button btn6 = new Button("btn6"); frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2)); frame.add(btn1); frame.add(btn2); frame.add(btn3); frame.add(btn4); frame.add(btn5); frame.add(btn6); frame.pack();//java函数 frame.setVisible(true); } }
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-
练习
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import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
public class TestAll {
public static void main(String[] args){
//总的窗口Frame
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setSize(400,300);
frame.setLocation(300,400);
frame.setBackground(Color.gray);
frame.setVisible(true);
//表格布局
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
//4个面板
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
// 上部分
p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//下部分
p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
//下部分的中间4个
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
}
p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(p1);
frame.add(p3);
//监听关闭窗口
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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2.4 事件监听
事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？
package com.li.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,因此需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
frame.setVisible(true);
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("test");
}
}
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestActionEventTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮，实现同一个监听
//开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2= new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();//自适应
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg-> " + e.getActionCommand());
}
}
2.5 输入框TextField监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
field.setText("");//按enter后文本框为空
}
}
2.6 简易计算器，组合+内部类
- 基础写法
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
public Calculator() { //构造器
//3个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);
//1个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
//1个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
this.num3= num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());//Integer 将String类型转换为int型
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除前两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
-
面向对象写法
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; //简易计算器 public class TestCalc { public static void main(String[] args) { new Calculator().loadFrame(); } } //计算器类 class Calculator extends Frame { //属性 TextField num1,num2,num3; //方法 public void loadFrame(){ //3个文本框 num1 = new TextField(10); num2 = new TextField(10); num3 = new TextField(20); //1个按钮 Button button = new Button("="); button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this)); //1个标签 Label label = new Label("+"); //布局 setLayout(new FlowLayout()); add(num1); add(label); add(num2); add(button); add(num3); pack(); setVisible(true); } } //监听器类 class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener { //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类； Calculator calculator = null; public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) { this.calculator = calculator; } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //1.获得加数和被加数 int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText()); int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText()); //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框 calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); //3.清除前两个框 calculator.num1.setText(""); calculator.num2.setText(""); } } -
内部类：
更好的包装
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; //简易计算器 public class TestCalc { public static void main(String[] args) { new Calculator().loadFrame(); } } //计算器类 class Calculator extends Frame { //属性 TextField num1,num2,num3; //方法 public void loadFrame(){ //3个文本框 num1 = new TextField(10); num2 = new TextField(10); num3 = new TextField(20); //1个按钮 Button button = new Button("="); button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener()); //1个标签 Label label = new Label("+"); //布局 setLayout(new FlowLayout()); add(num1); add(label); add(num2); add(button); add(num3); pack(); setVisible(true); } //监听器类 private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //1.获得加数和被加数 int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()); int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()); //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框 num3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); //3.清除前两个框 num1.setText(""); num2.setText(""); } } }
2.7 画笔
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,500);
setVisible(true);
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
// super.paint(g);
//画笔需要有颜色 可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心圆
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
//画笔用完，要还原到最初的颜色。
}
}
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2.8 鼠标监听
目的：实现鼠标画画
首先明确需要的事件：
-
画板（画板和画笔绑定在一起）
-
存点的集合
-
画笔（读取2中存的点）
-
鼠标：监听事件（x,y）将点存在2中；（需要实现鼠标每点击一次就重画一次，调用repaint()方法。）
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; //鼠标监听事件 public class TestMouseListener { public static void main(String[] args) { new MyFrame("画图"); } } //自己的类 class MyFrame extends Frame{ //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点 ArrayList points; //构造器 public MyFrame(String title) { super(title);//super: 代表父类对象的应用，可以调用父类的title构造方法，给窗体添加title setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400); //存鼠标点击产生的点 points=new ArrayList<>(); setVisible(true); //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口 this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener()); } //将points中点画出来 @Override public void paint(Graphics g) { //画画，监听鼠标事件 Iterator iterator=points.iterator();//迭代器 （即循环）集合中的点 while (iterator.hasNext()) { //取出List中的点 Point point=(Point)iterator.next(); //指向下一个点 g.setColor(Color.green); g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10); } } //添加一个点到界面上面 public void addPaint(Point point) { points.add(point); } //适配器模式 private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter { //鼠标按下，弹起，按住不放 @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { MyFrame myFrame=(MyFrame)e.getSource(); //点击的时候，界面上产生一个点 myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY())); //每次点击鼠标都需要重画一遍 myFrame.repaint(); } } } //画笔的点通过传入适配器，然后放到集合中，再用画笔画出
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2.9 窗口监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.blue);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(//this， 就是本身，然后本身加入这个方法，就是匿名内部类
//匿名内部类，建议这么写
new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowOpened(e);
System.out.println("windowOpened");
}
@Override
//关闭窗口
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosing(e);
System.out.println("windowClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
@Override
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosed(e);
System.out.println("windowClosed");
}
@Override
//激活窗口
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowActivated(e);
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");//激活
}
}
);
}
/* 内部类
class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosing(e);
//setVisible(false); //隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
System.exit(0);//正常退出
}
}
*/
}
2.10 键盘监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//键
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
//键盘按下
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下不同操作，产生不同结果：
}
});
}
}
3. Swing
3.1 窗口，面板
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package com.li.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//int(); 初始化
public void init(){
JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame 窗口");
jf.setVisible(true);
jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
jf.setBackground(Color.cyan);
//设置文字 Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("这里是一个小测试",SwingConstants.CENTER);
jf.add(label);
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
标签居中
package com.li.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyJframe2().init();
}
}
//构造器
class MyJframe2 extends JFrame{
public void init(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(10,10,200,200);
//设置文字Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("这是一个测试",SwingConstants.CENTER);
//让文本标签居中，设置水平对齐
//label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//关闭事件
this.add(label);
//获得一个容器，容器里的颜色才是真正的颜色
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.pink);
}
}
3.2 弹窗
JDialog,用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件
package com.li.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {//构造器
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setSize(700,500);
this.setBounds(100,100,700,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西，需要一个容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮 将弹窗弹出来
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建对象
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗, 这里就需要一个监听器去赋予按钮这个功能
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();//需要使用只需要new一个对象
}
});
container.add(button);//容器里面加入按钮
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);// 里面自带了，所以这个是多余的
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("学习Java"));
}
}
3.3 标签
label
new JLabel("xxx");
图标 ICON
package com.li.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标，需要实现类，Frame 继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(){}//无参构造
public IconDemo(int width, int height){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init(){
this.setBounds(100,100,700,500);
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上！
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y){
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
public int getIconWidth(){
return this.width;
}
public int getIconHeight(){
return this.height;
}
}
图片ICON
package com.li.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
//先拥有一个构造器 再构造一个main方法
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");//将图片放在标签里
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("壁纸01.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//居中显示
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
3.4 面板
JPanel
package com.li.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数的意思，间距
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout (1,2));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
container.add(panel1);
container.add(panel2);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,500,500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel
package com.li.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("努力上进");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
3.5 按钮
图片按钮
package com.li.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("壁纸01.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//把这个图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
-
单选按钮
package com.li.lesson05; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo02(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); //将一个图片变为图标 URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("壁纸01.jpg"); Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource); //单选框 JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01"); JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02"); JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03"); //由于单选框只能选择一个，所以需要分组，一个组中只能选择一个 ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); group.add(radioButton1); group.add(radioButton2); group.add(radioButton3);//如果不加入这个，那就都可以选择了 container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER); container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setBounds(100,100,500,300); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo02(); } } -
多选按钮
package com.li.lesson05; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo03(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); //将一个图片变为图标 URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("壁纸01.jpg"); Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource); //多选框 JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01"); JCheckBox checkBox02= new JCheckBox("checkBox02"); container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setBounds(100,100,500,300); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo03(); } }
3.6 列表
-
下拉框
package com.li.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame { public TestComboboxDemo01(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); //下拉框 JComboBox status = new JComboBox(); status.addItem(null); status.addItem("正在上映"); status.addItem("已下架"); status.addItem("即将上映"); container.add(status); this.setVisible(true); this.setBounds(100,100,500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestComboboxDemo01(); } } -
列表框
package com.li.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容 稀疏数组，压缩数据
//String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};//静态
Vector<Object> contents = new Vector();//也可以放动态的变量
//列表中需要放入内容
JList jList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("张三");
contents.add("栗子");
contents.add("杨桃");
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
- 应用的场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容
3.7 文本框
-
文本框
package com.li.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame { public TestTextDemo01(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello"); JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20); container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTextDemo01(); } } -
密码框
package com.li.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame { public TestTextDemo02(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); // 面板 JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); // **** passwordField.setEchoChar('*'); container.add(passwordField); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTextDemo02(); } } -
文本域
package com.li.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo03(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域 配合面板使用
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
textArea.setText("文本域的测试");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,350);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo03();
}
}
-
C/S 客户端跟服务器
-
B/S 浏览器跟服务器
s) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}}
-
密码框
package com.li.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame { public TestTextDemo02(){ Container container = this.getContentPane(); // 面板 JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); // **** passwordField.setEchoChar('*'); container.add(passwordField); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTextDemo02(); } } -
文本域
package com.li.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo03(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域 配合面板使用
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
textArea.setText("文本域的测试");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,350);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo03();
}
}
- C/S 客户端跟服务器
- B/S 浏览器跟服务器
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