通讯录管理系统（C++）

南边的柴柴

于 2022-05-11 08:22:38 发布

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分类专栏： C语言/C++ 文章标签： c++

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目录

1. 功能分析与实现步骤

2. 代码编写

2.1 联系人和通讯录结构体设计

2.2 通讯录页面

2.3 添加联系人

2.4 显示所有联系人

2.5 检测联系人

2.6 删除指定联系人

2.7 查找指定联系人

2.8 更改指定联系人

2.9 清空所有联系人

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1. 功能分析与实现步骤

需要的功能：
   1.添加联系人：姓名，性别，年龄，联系电话，家庭住址（最多纪录1000人）
   2.显示联系人：显示通讯录中所有联系人信息
   3.删除联系人：按照姓名删除指定联系人
   4.查找联系人：按照姓名查看指定联系人信息
   5.修改联系人：按照姓名重新修改指定联系人
   6.清空联系人：清空通讯录中所有信息
   7.退出通讯录

步骤：
   1.菜单页面的制作
   2.对按键的判断
       2.1 退出的设计
       2.2 添加联系人
               设计联系人结构体
               设计通讯录结构体
               main函数中创建通讯录
               封装添加联系人函数
               测试添加联系人功能
       2.3 显示联系人
       2.4 删除联系人
               需要先实现找到指定联系人的功能
       2.5 查找联系人
       2.6 修改联系人
       2.7 清空通讯录
               删除所有联系人信息，只需要将通讯的联系人数量置为0，做逻辑清空即可

2. 代码编写

2.1 联系人和通讯录结构体设计

// 设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
	// 姓名
	string m_Name;
	// 性别  1:男  2:女
	int m_sex;
	// 年龄
	int m_age;
	// 电话
	string m_Phone;
	// 住址
	string m_Addr;
};

struct Addressbooks
{
	// 通讯录中保存的联系人数组
	struct Person personArray[MAX];

	// 通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
	int m_size;
};

2.2 通讯录页面

// 1.菜单页面
void showMenu()
{
	cout << "*****************************" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 1:添加联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 2:显示联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 3:删除联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 4:查找联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 5:修改联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 6:清空联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 0:退出通讯录	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****************************" << endl;
}

2.3 添加联系人

// 2.添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	// 判断通讯录是否已满
	if (abs->m_size == MAX)
	{
		cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		// 姓名
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名：" << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Name = name;

		// 性别
		cout << "请输入性别（1:男  2:女）：" << endl;
		int sex = 0;
		
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}

		// 年龄
		int age;
		cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> age;
			if (age >= 0 && age <= 120)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_age = age;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}

		// 电话
		string phone;
		cout << "请输入电话：" << endl;
		cin >> phone;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Phone = phone;

		// 地址
		string address;
		cout << "请输入地址：" << endl;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Addr = address;

		// 更新通讯录人数
		abs->m_size++;

		cout << "添加成功" << endl;

		system("pause");	// 按下任意键继续
		system("cls");		// 清屏
	}
}

2.4 显示所有联系人

// 显示联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	// 判断通讯录中人数是否为0
	if (abs->m_size == 0)
	{
		cout << "通讯录为空" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size; i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t";
			cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[i].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[i].m_age << "\t";
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
			cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");

2.5 检测联系人

删除和查找指定联系人都需要一个检测联系人是否存在的模块

// 检测联系人是否存在，存在返回编号，不存在返回-1
int isExit(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size; i++)
	{
		if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
		{
			return i;
		}

	}
	return -1;
}

2.6 删除指定联系人

// 删除指定联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入删除联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if(judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		// 数据前移
		for (int i = judge; i < abs->m_size; i++)
		{
			abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
		}
		abs->m_size--;
		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

2.7 查找指定联系人

// 查找指定联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入查找的联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if (judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Name << endl;
		cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[judge].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << endl;
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_age << endl;
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone << endl;
		cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

2.8 更改指定联系人

// 更改指定联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入更改的联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if (judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		while (true)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Name << endl;
			cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[judge].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << endl;
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_age << endl;
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone << endl;
			cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr << "\n" << endl;

			cout << "请输入要修改的内容\n1:姓名\t2:性别\t3:年龄\t4:电话\t5:地址\t0:退出" << endl;
			int rev;
			cin >> rev;
			switch (rev)
			{
			case 1:
			{
				cout << "请输入更改后的姓名" << endl;
				string new_name;
				cin >> new_name;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Name = new_name;
				break;
			}
			case 2:
			{
				cout << "请输入更改后的性别" << endl;
				int new_sex;
				while (true)
				{
					cin >> new_sex;
					if (new_sex == 1 || new_sex == 2)
					{
						abs->personArray[judge].m_sex = new_sex;
						break;
					}
					cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
				}
				break;
			}
			case 3:
			{
				int new_age;
				cout << "请输入更改后的年龄：" << endl;
				while (true)
				{
					cin >> new_age;
					if (new_age >= 0 && new_age <= 120)
					{
						abs->personArray[judge].m_age = new_age;
						break;
					}
					cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
				}
				break;
			}
			case 4:
			{
				string new_phone;
				cout << "请输入更改后的电话：" << endl;
				cin >> new_phone;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone = new_phone;
				break;
			}
			case 5:
			{
				// 地址
				string new_address;
				cout << "请输入地址：" << endl;
				cin >> new_address;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr = new_address;
				break;
			}
			case 0:
			{
				cout << "修改完成" << endl;
				system("pause");
				system("cls");
				return;
			}
			default:
				break;
			}

			system("pause");
			system("cls");
		}
	}
}

2.9 清空所有联系人

// 清空所有联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "是否确认清空，确认请按1，返回请按0" << endl;
	int nub;
	cin >> nub;
	while (true)
	{
		if (nub == 1)
		{
			abs->m_size = 0;
			cout << "所有联系人已清空" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		else if (nub == 0)
		{
			cout << "返回主菜单" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "请重新输入，确认请按1，返回请按0" << endl;
			cin >> nub;
		}
	}
}

3. 源码

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000


// 设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
	// 姓名
	string m_Name;
	// 性别  1:男  2:女
	int m_sex;
	// 年龄
	int m_age;
	// 电话
	string m_Phone;
	// 住址
	string m_Addr;
};

struct Addressbooks
{
	// 通讯录中保存的联系人数组
	struct Person personArray[MAX];

	// 通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
	int m_size;
};


// 1.菜单页面
void showMenu()
{
	cout << "*****************************" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 1:添加联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 2:显示联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 3:删除联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 4:查找联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 5:修改联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 6:清空联系人	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****	 0:退出通讯录	*****" << endl;
	cout << "*****************************" << endl;
}

// 2.添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	// 判断通讯录是否已满
	if (abs->m_size == MAX)
	{
		cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		// 姓名
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名：" << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Name = name;

		// 性别
		cout << "请输入性别（1:男  2:女）：" << endl;
		int sex = 0;
		
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}

		// 年龄
		int age;
		cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> age;
			if (age >= 0 && age <= 120)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_age = age;
				break;
			}
			cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
		}

		// 电话
		string phone;
		cout << "请输入电话：" << endl;
		cin >> phone;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Phone = phone;

		// 地址
		string address;
		cout << "请输入地址：" << endl;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_Addr = address;

		// 更新通讯录人数
		abs->m_size++;

		cout << "添加成功" << endl;

		system("pause");	// 按下任意键继续
		system("cls");		// 清屏
	}
}

// 显示联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	// 判断通讯录中人数是否为0
	if (abs->m_size == 0)
	{
		cout << "通讯录为空" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size; i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t";
			cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[i].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[i].m_age << "\t";
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
			cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

// 检测联系人是否存在，存在返回编号，不存在返回-1
int isExit(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size; i++)
	{
		if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
		{
			return i;
		}

	}
	return -1;
}

// 删除指定联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入删除联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if(judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		// 数据前移
		for (int i = judge; i < abs->m_size; i++)
		{
			abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
		}
		abs->m_size--;
		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

// 查找指定联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入查找的联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if (judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Name << endl;
		cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[judge].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << endl;
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_age << endl;
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone << endl;
		cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

// 更改指定联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入更改的联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	int judge;
	judge = isExit(abs, name);
	if (judge == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		while (true)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Name << endl;
			cout << "性别(1:男  2:女)：" << (abs->personArray[judge].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << endl;
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_age << endl;
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone << endl;
			cout << "地址" << abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr << "\n" << endl;

			cout << "请输入要修改的内容\n1:姓名\t2:性别\t3:年龄\t4:电话\t5:地址\t0:退出" << endl;
			int rev;
			cin >> rev;
			switch (rev)
			{
			case 1:
			{
				cout << "请输入更改后的姓名" << endl;
				string new_name;
				cin >> new_name;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Name = new_name;
				break;
			}
			case 2:
			{
				cout << "请输入更改后的性别" << endl;
				int new_sex;
				while (true)
				{
					cin >> new_sex;
					if (new_sex == 1 || new_sex == 2)
					{
						abs->personArray[judge].m_sex = new_sex;
						break;
					}
					cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
				}
				break;
			}
			case 3:
			{
				int new_age;
				cout << "请输入更改后的年龄：" << endl;
				while (true)
				{
					cin >> new_age;
					if (new_age >= 0 && new_age <= 120)
					{
						abs->personArray[judge].m_age = new_age;
						break;
					}
					cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
				}
				break;
			}
			case 4:
			{
				string new_phone;
				cout << "请输入更改后的电话：" << endl;
				cin >> new_phone;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Phone = new_phone;
				break;
			}
			case 5:
			{
				// 地址
				string new_address;
				cout << "请输入地址：" << endl;
				cin >> new_address;
				abs->personArray[judge].m_Addr = new_address;
				break;
			}
			case 0:
			{
				cout << "修改完成" << endl;
				system("pause");
				system("cls");
				return;
			}
			default:
				break;
			}

			system("pause");
			system("cls");
		}
	}
}


// 清空所有联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "是否确认清空，确认请按1，返回请按0" << endl;
	int nub;
	cin >> nub;
	while (true)
	{
		if (nub == 1)
		{
			abs->m_size = 0;
			cout << "所有联系人已清空" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		else if (nub == 0)
		{
			cout << "返回主菜单" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "请重新输入，确认请按1，返回请按0" << endl;
			cin >> nub;
		}
	}
}


int main()
{
	// 创建通讯录结构体变量
	Addressbooks abs;
	// 初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
	abs.m_size = 0;


	int select = 0;		// 用户选择变量

	while (true)
	{
		showMenu();

		cin >> select;

		switch (select)
		{
		case 1:		// 添加联系人
			addPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 2:		// 显示联系人
			showPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 3:		// 删除联系人
			deletePerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 4:		// 查找联系人
			findPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 5:		// 修改联系人
			modifyPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 6:		// 清空联系人
			cleanPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 0:		// 退出通讯录
		{
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");
			return 0;
		}
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}

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通讯录管理系统（C++）

目录1. 功能分析与实现步骤2. 代码编写2.1 联系人和通讯录结构体设计2.2 通讯录页面2.3 添加联系人2.4 显示所有联系人2.5 检测联系人 2.6 删除指定联系人2.7 查找指定联系人2.8 更改指定联系人2.9 清空所有联系人3. 源码黑马c++学习：黑马程序员匠心之作|C++教程从0到1入门编程,学习编程不再难_哔哩哔哩_bilibili1. 功能分析与实现步骤需要的功能： 1.添加联系人：姓名，性别，年龄，联系电...
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