路由与交换-华为eNSP-DHCP中继21.10.27

一、要求

1.保证DHCPserver与192.168.1.0和192.168.2.0能够相互通信
2.配置DHCP server
3.配置DHCP relay

二、配置

1.接口配置

R1

[R1]int g0/0/0	
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[R1]int g0/0/1	
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R1]int g0/0/2	
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.2.1 24

R2

[R2]int g0/0/0	
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[R2]int g0/0/1	
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.2 24

R3

[R3]int g0/0/1	
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.3 24

2.DHCP配置

DHCP服务器

R3

[R3]dhcp enable
[R3]ip pool huawei
[R3-ip-pool-huawei]network 192.168.2.0 mask  24
[R3-ip-pool-huawei]gateway-list 192.168.2.1
[R3-ip-pool-huawei]q
[R3]ip pool hw 
[R3-ip-pool-bosai]network 192.168.1.0 mask 24
[R3-ip-pool-bosai]gateway-list 192.168.1.1
[R3-ip-pool-bosai]q
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select global 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

中继设备

P.S.交换机的话就是在vlanif下做

R1

[R1]dhcp enable
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select relay
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp relay server-ip 23.1.1.3
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]int g0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select relay
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp relay server-ip 23.1.1.3
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

3.OSPF宣告

R1

[R1]ospf 
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R1-ospf-1]q

R2

[R2]ospf 
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R2-ospf-1]q

R3

[R3]ospf 
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R3-ospf-1]q

 三、验证

1.有限广播地址：255.255.255.255

   特点：只能在某个网段内广播

2.DHCP relay：DHCP 中继

   作用：将广播消息转化成单播消息

3.dhcp 
场景一：主机与dhcp server在同一网段，主机可以直接动态获取IP地址.
场景二：主机与dhcp server不在同一网段，无法直接获取IP地址。why？
        主机产生的discover消息与request消息的广播地址为255.255.255.255，该广播地址只能在本网段内广播，而DHCPserver若不在同网段，则接收不到两种消息，所以主机无法获取地址.