R语言可视化——ggplot2包的八种默认主题及其扩展包

0引言

R语言中的ggplot2包里面的风格固定，在需要特殊的图形时，需要更改甚至自定义设置主题。本文展示ggplot2包里的八种默认的主题，并介绍扩展包ggthemes去自定义主题内容。

八种主题函数汇总表

主题函数	效果
theme_bw()	网格白色主题
theme_classic()	经典主题
theme_dark()	暗色主题，可用于对比
theme_gray()	默认主题
theme_light()	浅色坐标带网格
theme_linedraw()	黑色网格线
theme_minimal()	极简主题
theme_void()	空白主题

主题汇总图

代码：

p1 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_bw() + 
labs(title = "网格白色主题")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p2 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_classic() + 
labs(title = "经典主题")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p3 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_dark() + 
labs(title = "暗色主题，可用于对比")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p4 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_gray() + 
labs(title = "默认主题")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p5 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_light() + 
labs(title = "浅色坐标带网格")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p6 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_linedraw() + 
labs(title = "黑色网格线")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p7 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_minimal() + 
labs(title = "极简主题")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
p8 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) + 
theme_void()  + 
labs(title = "空白主题")+  theme(legend.position = "none")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8, nrow=2)

扩展包

如果感觉上面的主题话没有你满意的可以去加载ggthemes包，里面会有更加个性化的参数，创作出你想要的主题。