电刺激电路分析_1

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分类专栏：电刺激文章标签：嵌入式硬件硬件工程

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电路原理图
电路分析

电路原理图

论文：T. Keller, “Surface functional electrical stimulation neuroprostheses for grasping,” Ph.D. dissertation, ETHZ, 2001.中设计的电荷平衡的双相电刺激器电路图

原文描述为：

The stimulation pulses for all four stimulation channels are generated from a single voltage regulated constant current controller. The controller has two inputs: one input controls the pulse amplitude and the other one controls the pulse width.

The transistor output is used as a reference for the closed loop voltage regulated current controller to regulate the depolarizing stimulation pulse (see scheme B in Figure 16). The charge balancing stimulation pulse is generated as follows: Immediately after the depolarization pulse a second open loop voltage to current converter allows an inverse current flow with an exponential curve shape that balances the charge in the stimulated muscles (see scheme C in Figure 16). The curve has its shape from a discharging capacitor that is charged during the depolarization pulse. As a result the entire stimulation current pulse form is composed of a depolarizing rectangular current pulse with constant amplitude followed by a hyperpolarizing exponentially decreasing current pulse that balances the charge (see Figure 15).

翻译：

所有四个刺激通道的刺激脉冲均由单个电压调节恒流控制器生成。该控制器有两个输入：一个输入控制脉冲幅度（VCC），另一个输入控制脉冲宽度(PW)。

晶体管输出用作闭环电压调节电流控制器的参考，以调节去极化刺激脉冲（见图 16 中的方案 B）。电荷平衡刺激脉冲的产生方式如下：在去极化脉冲之后，第二个开环电压到电流转换器立即允许具有指数曲线形状的反向电流流动，以平衡受刺激肌肉中的电荷（见图 16 中的方案 C）。曲线的形状来自在去极化脉冲期间充电的放电电容器。因此，整个刺激电流脉冲形式由幅度恒定的去极化矩形电流脉冲和随后的平衡电荷的超极化指数下降电流脉冲组成（见图 15）。

论文：Brunetti F, Garay A, Moreno J C, et al. Enhancing functional electrical stimulation for emerging rehabilitation robotics in the framework of hyper project[C]//2011 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics. IEEE, 2011: 1-6.

原文：In a previous section, the importance of balanced charge biphasic waveform was stated. To achieve this goal, Keller proposed a two staget circuit with two different working phases, [10]. During the first phase, the phase of active stimulation of the system, an operational amplifier controls the current across the load connected to a high voltage source. During the second phase, a passive discharge circuit, which appears in the upper part of figure 3, removes the electric charges from the electrodes-skin-muscle interfaces, previously inserted during the active phase. This is a very interesting solution but it struggles the chance of modifying actively the waveforms of the discharging periods.

翻译：在上一节中，我们阐述了平衡电荷双相波形的重要性。为了实现这一目标，Keller 提出了一种具有两个不同工作阶段的两级电路 [10]。在第一阶段，即系统主动刺激阶段，运算放大器控制连接到高压源的负载上的电流。在第二阶段，图 3 上部的被动放电电路会从先前在主动阶段插入的电极-皮肤-肌肉界面中移除电荷。这是一个非常有趣的解决方案，但它很难主动修改放电周期的波形。