阿里云CentOS 8系统，使用yum指令时报错

一、错误描述

Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'appstream':
  - Status code: 404 for http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 100.100.2.148)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried

二、出错原因

阿里云更新了下载数据源的地址

三、解决方案
3.1 替换 CentOS-Base.repo 数据源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mv CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo.backup #备份，防止出问题。
wget -O CentOS-LinuxBaseOS.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo #拉取新文件

3.2 进入CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo，修改数据源地址

vim指令，修改文件

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo

替换 baseurl

# baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-vault/8.5.2111/AppStream/$basearch/os/

3.3 重新创建元数据

yum makecache

参考资料：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43899069/article/details/124155397