touch -amc filename
-a access
-m maintance
-c non-create
TOUCH(1) User Commands TOUCH(1)
NAME
touch - change file timestamps
SYNOPSIS
touch [OPTION]... FILE...
DESCRIPTION
Update the access and modification times of each FILE to the current time.
A FILE argument that does not exist is created empty, unless -c or -h is supplied.
A FILE argument string of - is handled specially and causes touch to change the times of the file associated with standard output.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a change only the access time
-c, --no-create
do not create any files
-d, --date=STRING
parse STRING and use it instead of current time
-f (ignored)
-h, --no-dereference
affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the timestamps of a symlink)
-m change only the modification time
-r, --reference=FILE
use this file's times instead of current time
-t STAMP
use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] instead of current time
--time=WORD
change the specified time: WORD is access, atime, or use: equivalent to -a WORD is modify or mtime: equivalent to -m
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Note that the -d and -t options accept different time-date formats.
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report touch translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
DATE STRING
The --date=STRING is a mostly free format human readable date string such as "Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:21:42 -0800" or "2004-02-29 16:21:42" or even "next Thursday". A date string may
contain items indicating calendar date, time of day, time zone, day of week, relative time, relative date, and numbers. An empty string indicates the beginning of the day. The
date string format is more complex than is easily documented here but is fully described in the info documentation.
AUTHOR
Written by Paul Rubin, Arnold Robbins, Jim Kingdon, David MacKenzie, and Randy Smith.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for touch is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and touch programs are properly installed at your site, the command
stat
查看文件状态
STAT(1) User Commands STAT(1)
NAME
stat - display file or file system status
SYNOPSIS
stat [OPTION]... FILE...
DESCRIPTION
Display file or file system status.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-L, --dereference
follow links
-f, --file-system
display file system status instead of file status
-c --format=FORMAT
use the specified FORMAT instead of the default; output a newline after each use of FORMAT
--printf=FORMAT
like --format, but interpret backslash escapes, and do not output a mandatory trailing newline; if you want a newline, include \n in FORMAT
-t, --terse
print the information in terse form
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
du
NAME
du - estimate file space usage
SYNOPSIS
du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
DESCRIPTION
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-0, --null
end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
-a, --all
write counts for all files, not just directories
--apparent-size
print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in ('sparse') files, internal fragmentation,
indirect blocks, and the like
-B, --block-size=SIZE
scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., '-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below
-b, --bytes
equivalent to '--apparent-size --block-size=1'
-c, --total
produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args
dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line
-d, --max-depth=N
print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize
--files0-from=F
summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in file F; if F is -, then read names from standard input
-H equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
-h, --human-readable
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--inodes
list inode usage information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-L, --dereference
dereference all symbolic links
-l, --count-links
count sizes many times if hard linked
-m like --block-size=1M
-P, --no-dereference
don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
-S, --separate-dirs
for directories do not include size of subdirectories
--si like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-s, --summarize
display only a total for each argument
-t, --threshold=SIZE
exclude entries smaller than SIZE if positive, or entries greater than SIZE if negative
--time show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories
--time=WORD
show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status
--time-style=STYLE
show times using STYLE, which can be: full-iso, long-iso, iso, or +FORMAT; FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'
-X, --exclude-from=FILE
exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
--exclude=PATTERN
exclude files that match PATTERN
-x, --one-file-system
skip directories on different file systems
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
md5sum
NAME
md5sum - compute and check MD5 message digest
SYNOPSIS
md5sum [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
Print or check MD5 (128-bit) checksums. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
-b, --binary
read in binary mode
-c, --check
read MD5 sums from the FILEs and check them
--tag create a BSD-style checksum
-t, --text
read in text mode (default)
Note: There is no difference between binary and text mode option on GNU system.
**
For example:
**
[root@localhost tmp]# touch -c test.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
ks-script-G5vxQG yum.log yum_save_tx.2020-02-01.20-59.E1jayN.yumtx
[root@localhost tmp]# touch -a test.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
ks-script-G5vxQG test.txt yum.log yum_save_tx.2020-02-01.20-59.E1jayN.yumtx
[root@localhost tmp]# stat test.txt
File: ‘test.txt’
Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file
Device: fd00h/64768d Inode: 8389155 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0
Access: 2020-02-02 01:45:27.837000000 +0800
Modify: 2020-02-02 01:45:27.837000000 +0800
Change: 2020-02-02 01:45:27.837000000 +0800
Birth: -
[root@localhost tmp]# touch -a test.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l
total 32
-rwx------. 1 root root 836 Feb 1 18:06 ks-script-G5vxQG
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 2 01:45 test.txt
-rw-------. 1 root root 0 Feb 1 18:00 yum.log
-rw-------. 1 root root 26959 Feb 1 20:59 yum_save_tx.2020-02-01.20-59.E1jayN.yumtx
[root@localhost tmp]# stat test.txt
File: ‘test.txt’
Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file
Device: fd00h/64768d Inode: 8389155 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0
Access: 2020-02-02 01:46:12.980000000 +0800
Modify: 2020-02-02 01:45:27.837000000 +0800
Change: 2020-02-02 01:46:12.980000000 +0800
Birth: -
[root@localhost tmp]# touch -m test.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# stat test.txt
File: ‘test.txt’
Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file
Device: fd00h/64768d Inode: 8389155 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0
Access: 2020-02-02 01:46:12.980000000 +0800
Modify: 2020-02-02 01:46:55.167000000 +0800
Change: 2020-02-02 01:46:55.167000000 +0800
Birth: -
[root@localhost src]# du -h vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
12M vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# du -k vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
11292 vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# du -b vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
11560112 vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# du vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz
11292 vim-8.2.0100.tar.gz