“to”后面接动词原形(do)还是动名词(doing)

在英语中,“to”后面接动词原形(do)还是动名词(doing),取决于“to”在句子中的功能。以下是具体规则和例子:


1. 当 “to” 是不定式符号时接动词原形(do)

  • “to” 作为不定式符号时,表示动作的目的或意图,后接动词原形。
  • 常见结构:动词 + to do
    • I want to eat pizza.
    • She needs to study harder.
    • They decided to leave early.

注意:以下动词常接不定式(to do):
want, hope, plan, decide, agree, refuse, promise, manage, fail 等。


2. 当 “to” 是介词时接动名词(doing)

  • 如果 “to” 是介词(表示方向、对象或关联),则后接名词或动名词(doing)。
  • 常见结构:动词/形容词 + 介词to + doing
    • I look forward to meeting you.
    • He is used to working late.
    • She admitted to stealing the money.

高频介词短语(后接 doing):
be used to(习惯于), object to(反对), look forward to(期待), devote to(致力于), admit to(承认), prefer...to...(比起...更喜欢...) 等。


3. 易混淆对比

  • to 是不定式符号
    She wants to travel the world. (她想环球旅行。)
  • to 是介词
    She is committed to traveling the world. (她致力于环球旅行。)

4. 记忆技巧

  • 如果 “to” 后能替换为名词(如“it”或“something”),则它是介词,需接 doing:
    I look forward to it → I look forward to meeting you.
  • 如果 “to” 后只能接动作,则是不定式符号:
    I need to do this.(无法替换为名词)

5. 常见错误

  • I’m looking forward to see you.
  • I’m looking forward to seeing you.(因为 “to” 是介词)
  • He admitted to steal the car.
  • He admitted to stealing the car.

通过判断 “to” 是介词还是不定式符号,就能准确选择用 do 还是 doing。记住高频介词短语是关键!

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