【opencv】 常用工具总结

一、核心函数解释

1）OpenCV库的引入：import cv2

OpenCV读取的图片，图片数据的组织形式为bgr；

2) 读取图像：cv2.imread(arg1, arg2)

函数参数：arg1表示想要读取的图片所在的位置；arg2表示读取模式；其中arg2 = 1表示读取彩色 arg2 = 0表示灰度；

3) 展示图片：cv2.imshow(arg1, img)

函数参数：arg1表示显示出来的图片窗口的名称； img表示需要展示的图片；

4) 等待输入：cv2.waitKey(n)

函数参数：n值表示等待用户输入需要的时间，单位时毫秒，n = 0图片一直在显示；

序号	功能
1	opencv画线
2	修改图片像素大小
3	图片局部裁剪

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>> opencv画线

定义方法def LineAtext1中的内容可工具实际情况删减，此处展示模式较为完整。

# -----------------------------open CV画分割线--------------------------
import cv2
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow

class MainWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.open_img()

    def open_img(self):
        num_1 = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F']
        image1 = cv2.imread('D:/Users/xuyf2/Desktop/jier/left/cp1631759505img_right_NG.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
        image = self.LineAtext1(image1, 110, 130, 360, 80, 250, 90, num_1)
        cv2.namedWindow("image")
        cv2.imshow('image', image)
        cv2.waitKey(0)            # 图片一直显示
        cv2.destroyAllWindows()

    # 分割线
    def LineAtext1(self, image, left_x, left_y, right_x, right_y, define_long, define_width, num):
        font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
        text_size = 0.6
        text_color = (0, 0, 0)
        text_thin = 2
        line_color = (255, 0, 0)
        line_thin = 3
        # define_long = 250  #定义方框长度
        # define_width = 90  #定义方框宽度
        # image = cv2.imread(img_path)
        # B2
        cv2.line(image, (left_x, left_y), (left_x + define_long, left_y), line_color, line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[0], (left_x + int(define_long / 2), left_y + int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        # B4
        cv2.line(image, (left_x, left_y + define_width), (left_x + define_long, left_y + define_width), line_color,line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[1], (left_x + int(define_long / 2), left_y + 3 * int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        # B6
        cv2.line(image, (left_x, left_y + 2 * define_width), (left_x + define_long, left_y + 2 * define_width), line_color,line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[2], (left_x + int(define_long / 2), left_y + 5 * int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        #
        cv2.line(image, (left_x, left_y + 3 * define_width), (left_x + define_long, left_y + 3 * define_width), line_color,line_thin)
        #
        cv2.line(image, (left_x + define_long, 0), (left_x + define_long, 480), line_color, line_thin)
        cv2.line(image, (left_x, 0), (left_x, 480), line_color, line_thin)
        cv2.line(image, (left_x + 2 * define_long, 0), (left_x + 2 * define_long, 480), line_color, line_thin)
        # B1
        cv2.line(image, (right_x, right_y), (right_x + define_long, right_y), line_color, line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[3], (right_x + int(define_long / 2), right_y + int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        # B3
        cv2.line(image, (right_x, right_y + define_width), (right_x + define_long, right_y + define_width), line_color,line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[4], (right_x + int(define_long / 2), right_y + 3 * int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        # B5
        cv2.line(image, (right_x, right_y + 2 * define_width), (right_x + define_long, right_y + 2 * define_width),line_color, line_thin)
        cv2.putText(image, num[5], (right_x + int(define_long / 2), right_y + 5 * int(define_width / 2)), font, text_size,text_color, text_thin)
        #
        cv2.line(image, (right_x, right_y + 3 * define_width), (right_x + define_long, right_y + 3 * define_width),line_color, line_thin)
        return image

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mainWindow = MainWindow()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

 >>opencv 修改图片大小

# 修改图像大小
import cv2
import time
cover_path = "D:/Users/xuyf2/Desktop/lego_jier/cp1622130030.jpg"
save_path= "D:/Users/xuyf2/Desktop/lego_jier/save_small_photo/"
im1 = cv2.imread(cover_path)
im2 = cv2.resize(im1,(640,480),)  # 为图片重新指定尺寸

img_str = 'cp' + str(int(time.time()))
cv2.imwrite(save_path + '1' + img_str + ".jpg", im2)  # 保存画图后图片

  >>opencv 两图像拼接

from PIL import Image
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

def join(png1, png2):

    img1, img2 = Image.open(png1), Image.open(png2)
    print('1', type(img1))
    # 统一图片尺寸，可以自定义设置（宽，高）
    img1 = img1.resize((110, 124), Image.ANTIALIAS)
    print('2', type(img1))
    img2 = img2.resize((110, 124), Image.ANTIALIAS)
    size1, size2 = img1.size, img2.size

    joint = Image.new('RGB', (size1[0] + size2[0], size1[1]))
    loc1, loc2 = (0, 0), (size1[0], 0)
    joint.paste(img1, loc1)
    joint.paste(img2, loc2)

    plt.imshow(joint)
    plt.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 两张图片地址
    png1 = r"D:/Users/xuyf2/Desktop/lego_jier/crop2/2cp1637243269.jpg"
    png2 = r"D:/Users/xuyf2/Desktop/lego_jier/crop1/1cp1637243581.jpg"
    # 横向拼接
    join(png1, png2)