【Python第三方库】Requests

1.Requests主要作用是什么？

        发送HTTP请求，获取响应数据

        建议在学习本模块前，先大致了解下HTTP协议【网络基础】HTTP_记录测试点滴的博客-CSDN博客

2. 如何搭建requests环境

• 下载requests模块
• 导入requests模块       

3.Requests发送请求

• (常用)1.get请求

  • 语法格式： requests.get(url,[params][,headers][,cookies][,timeout])
    • 参数1: url

      • 以百度为例
        
        场景1: url不带参数
        
        url = "http://www.baidu.com"
        
        res = requests.get(url)
        
        
        场景2: url带参数
        
        url = "http://www.baidu.com?wd=python"
        
        res = requests.get(url)

    • 参数2:params
      • 可以是字典/列表
        • 场景一：单个参数单个值

          • url = "http://www.baidu.com"
            
            headers = {
                'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/16.3 Safari/605.1.15'
            }
            
            data = {'wd': 'python'}
            
            res = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=data)
            
            print(res.text)
            

        • 场景二：多个参数单个值

          • url = "http://www.baidu.com"
            
            headers = {
                'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/16.3 Safari/605.1.15'
            }
            
            # id参数是虚构的
            data = {'wd': 'python','id':'1234'}
            
            res = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=data)
            
            print(res.text)
            

        • 场景三：单个参数多个值

          • url = "http://www.baidu.com"
            
            headers = {
                'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/16.3 Safari/605.1.15'
            }
            
            
            data = {'wd': 'python, java'}
            
            res = requests.get(u