[ubuntu系统使用qt编写简单打开摄像头的程序文件]

整体文件

Camera.pro

QT       += core gui
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG   += C++11

# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS += \
    mainwindow.h

FORMS += \
    mainwindow.ui

INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include \
               /usr/local/include/opencv4 \
               /usr/local/include/opencv/opencv2

LIBS += /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.so \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.so    \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_videoio.so

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
QT +=sql

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QImage>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MainWindow();

    QImage  Mat2QImage(Mat cvImg);
private slots:
    void openCamara();      // 打开摄像头
    void readFarme();       // 读取当前帧信息
    void closeCamara();     // 关闭摄像头。
    void takingPictures();  // 拍照

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;

    QTimer          *timer;
    QImage          imag;
    Mat             cap,cap_gray,cap_tmp; //定义一个Mat变量，用于存储每一帧的图像
    VideoCapture    capture; //声明视频读入类
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"

#include <QApplication>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QImage>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    timer   = new QTimer(this);
    connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(readFarme()));  // 时间到，读取当前摄像头信息
    connect(ui->open, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(openCamara()));
    connect(ui->take, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(takingPictures()));
    connect(ui->close, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(closeCamara()));
}


//打开摄像头
void MainWindow::openCamara()
{
    capture.open(0);    //从摄像头读入视频如果设备只有一个摄像头就传入参数0
    qDebug("open");
    if (!capture.isOpened()) //先判断是否打开摄像头
    {
        qDebug("err");
    }
    timer->start(20);              // 开始计时，20ms获取一帧
}

//读取摄像头信息
void MainWindow::readFarme()
{
    capture>>cap; //读取当前帧
    if (!cap.empty()) //判断当前帧是否捕捉成功 **这步很重要
    {
        imag = Mat2QImage(cap);
        imag = imag.scaled(ui->camera->width(), ui->camera->height(),
                           Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation);//设置图片大小和label的长宽一致
        //imshow(name, cap); //若当前帧捕捉成功，显示
        ui->camera->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(imag));  // 将图片显示到label上
    }
    else
        qDebug("can not ");

}


// 拍照
void MainWindow::takingPictures()
{
    capture>>cap; //读取当前帧
    if (!cap.empty()) //判断当前帧是否捕捉成功 **这步很重要
    {
        imag = Mat2QImage(cap);
        imag = imag.scaled(ui->photo->width(), ui->photo->height(),
                           Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation);//设置图片大小和label的长宽一致

        //imshow(name, cap); //若当前帧捕捉成功，显示
        ui->photo->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(imag));  // 将图片显示到label上
    }
    else
        qDebug("can not ");
}


//关闭摄像头，释放资源，必须释放***
void MainWindow::closeCamara()
{
    timer->stop();         // 停止读取数据。
}


// 图片转换（网上抄的）
QImage  MainWindow::Mat2QImage(Mat cvImg)
{
    QImage qImg;
    if(cvImg.channels()==3)     //3 channels color image
    {

        cv::cvtColor(cvImg,cvImg,CV_BGR2RGB);
        qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data),
                      cvImg.cols, cvImg.rows,
                      cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(),
                      QImage::Format_RGB888);
    }
    else if(cvImg.channels()==1)                    //grayscale image
    {
        qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data),
                      cvImg.cols,cvImg.rows,
                      cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(),
                      QImage::Format_Indexed8);
    }
    else
    {
        qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data),
                      cvImg.cols,cvImg.rows,
                      cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(),
                      QImage::Format_RGB888);
    }
    return qImg;
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

mainwindow.ui

运行编译即可。这里我使用的是opencv4.5.4版本，opencv3.x版本缺少很多深度学习的hpp，cpp，可能会报错，以及pro文件的地址一定要正确。