1. 初始化Django项目设置
1.1 DRF初始化
- 认证
- 权限
- 限流
- 序列化
- 分页
- 版本
1.2 安装DjangoRestFramework
pip install djangorestframework==3.11.1
pip install django-fileter==2.3.0
pip install markdown
1.3 在syl/settings.py中注册
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django_filter',
'rest_frameword'
]
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.AutoSchema',
'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
],
'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'
],
'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'
],
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
],
'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle',
],
'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
'user': '100/hour',
'anon': '3/day',
},
'DEFAULT_CONTENT_NEGOTIATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.negotiation.DefaultContentNegotiation',
'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.metadata.SimpleMetadata',
'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS': None,
'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
'PAGE_SIZE': 10,
'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': [
'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend',
],
'SEARCH_PARAM': 'search',
'ORDERING_PARAM': 'ordering',
'NUM_PROXIES': None,
'DEFAULT_VERSION': None,
'ALLOWED_VERSIONS': None,
'VERSION_PARAM': 'version',
'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER': 'django.contrib.auth.models.AnonymousUser',
'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN': None,
'VIEW_NAME_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_name',
'VIEW_DESCRIPTION_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_description',
'NON_FIELD_ERRORS_KEY': 'non_field_errors',
'TEST_REQUEST_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.renderers.MultiPartRenderer',
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer'
],
'TEST_REQUEST_DEFAULT_FORMAT': 'multipart',
'URL_FORMAT_OVERRIDE': 'format',
'FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG': 'format',
'URL_FIELD_NAME': 'url',
'UNICODE_JSON': True,
'COMPACT_JSON': True,
'STRICT_JSON': True,
'COERCE_DECIMAL_TO_STRING': True,
'UPLOADED_FILES_USE_URL': True,
'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF': 1000,
'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF_TEXT': "More than {count} items...",
'SCHEMA_COERCE_PATH_PK': True,
'SCHEMA_COERCE_METHOD_NAMES': {
'retrieve': 'read',
'destroy': 'delete'
},
}
1.4、创建user/serializers.py写序列化器
from rest_framework import serializers
from user.models import User
def address_validate(data):
return data
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
address = serializers.CharField(max_length=255, min_length=5, validators=[address_validate])
def validate_address(self, data):
if data == '测试':
raise serializers.ValidationError('请填写实际地址')
return data
def validate_phone(self, data):
model = self.root.Meta.model
num = model.objects.filter(phone=data).count()
if num > 0:
raise serializers.ValidationError('手机号已存在')
return data
def validate(self, attrs):
return attrs
class Meta:
model = User
fields = '__all__'
read_only_fields = ('',)
exrea_kwargs={
'address':{
'min_length':5,
'default':'默认测试',
}
}
class UserUnActiveSerializer():
pass
2. DRF认证、权限、限流、分页、过滤、序列化
2.1 user/urls.py
from django.urls import include, path
from user import views
from rest_framework . routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'user',views.UserViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
path('index/',views.index),
path('api-auth',include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
]
urlpatterns += router.urls
2.2 user/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication, SessionAuthentication
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter
from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny, IsAdminUser, IsAuthenticated, IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission, SAFE_METHODS
from user.models import User
from user.serializers import UserSerializer, UserUnActiveSerializer
def index(request):
return HttpResponse('hello')
class PageNum(PageNumberPagination):
page_size_query_parm = 'page_size'
max_page_size = 2
class MyPermission(BasePermission):
def has_permission(self, request, view):
print(view.kwargs.get('pk'), request.user.id)
'''判断用户对模型有没有访问权限'''
print(request)
if request.user.is_superuser:
return True
elif view.kwargs.get('pk') == str(request.user.id):
return True
return False
def has_obj_permission(self, request, view, obj):
'''获取单个数据时,判断用户对某个数据对象是否有访问权限'''
if request.user.id == obj.id:
return True
return False
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
'''
完成产品的增删改查
'''
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
authentication_classes = (BasicAuthentication, SessionAuthenticati