目录
实义动词(Action Verbs)
定义:具有实际意义的动词
-
及物动词(vt):可以直接加东西(宾语)
-
不及物动词(vi):不可以直接加东西(宾语)
注:不及物动词若想接宾语,后面需要加介词
解释:
He loves his country -> vt
They wrote nice story -> vt
Some plastic materials change over time -> vi(不及物动词接宾语)
测试:
The act of laughing produce physical feedback
Smaller species survived
You should show your audience sympathy
He was talking with the board
>The act of laughing produce physical feedback. Vt.
> Smaller species survived. Vi.
>You should show your audience sympathy. Vt.
>He was talking with the board. Vi.
系动词(Linking Verbs)
定义:起联系作用的动词,后面常接形容词(有时也会接名词)
Tom's grandfather feels better today
The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care.
Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problem
- 全系动词:be(1)
- 半系动词:2-6,既可以系动词,又可以实义动词,具有双重含义
例:
come 用于来,是实义动词;用于变化,则是系动词
become 用于适合,是实义动词;用于成为、变得,是系动词
注:半系动词不区分及物或不及物
系动词和实义动词的区别:
实义动词:实义动词不能+adj,只加东西(宾语),具有实际意义
系动词:系动词+adj,分为全系和半系
情态动词(Modal Verbs)
定义:表示说话人主观的目的和意图,必须加动词原形
例:
Exercising alone can be boring
I must telephone my parents
You should show your audience sympathy.
情态动词与实义动词、系动词的关系:
Exercising alone can be boring 系动词
I must telephone my parents. Vt
You should show your audience sympathy. Vt.
助动词(Auxiliary Verbs)
定义:帮助动词构成时态、语态、否定的动词
The large, slow-growing animals were hunted (were构成被动)
Time has given them legitimacy (has 构成现在完成时)
One lecture really doesn't matter. (doesn't 构成否定)
He had had a cold. (构成过去完成时)