我用的python3.8版本,django1.8.3版本,有很多不兼容。
网上提示django升级到2.2,升级后,也报错,说是2.2本身的问题,解决方式是降到django2.1版本。
Django2.1OK后运行python manage.py runserver
出现的第一个问题
1、TypeError: init() missing 1 required positional argument: ‘on_delete’
这是数据库设置外键的一个报错,在django2.0后,定义外键和一对一关系的时候需要加on_delete选项,此参数为了避免两个表里的数据不一致问题(所以去检查下models.py文件中的外键参数都加上on_delete=models.CASCADE,别忘了生成的 迁移文件里也要加上,要不也会报错)
为什么要加此参数请参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/phyger/p/8035253.html
2、django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Passing a 3-tuple to include() is not supported. Pass a 2-tuple containing the list of patterns and app_name, and provide the namespace argument to include() instead.
这是 urls的报错。
解决方法:把第一组url的include()去掉。
旧代码:
urlpatterns = [
url(r’^admin/’, include(admin.site.urls),
url(r’^’, include(‘booktest.urls’)),
]
新代码:
urlpatterns = [
url(r’^admin/’, admin.site.urls),
url(r’^’, include(‘booktest.urls’)),
]
3、登录admin后台时,抛出下面错误:‘WSGIRequest’ object has no attribute ‘user’
解决方法:之前中间件的key为MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES, 现在为MIDDLEWARE。
旧版本settings.py中配置是:
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware’,
)
新版本应改为:
MIDDLEWARE = [
‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware’,
‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware’,
‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware’,
]
问题解决。
参考 http://www.ziqiangxuetang.com/django/django-middleware.html
4、TypeError: BlockedIPSMiddleware() takes no arguments
解决办法:把自己写的中间件类都继承一个MiddlewareMixin类
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
class TestMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):。。。。。
5、TypeError: init() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given
是__init__函数的问题,发现是我定义的一个中间件类中__init__(self)少传入一个参数request
解决方法:
class TestMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
def init(self,request):
。。。
6、AttributeError: ‘TestMiddleware’ object has no attribute ‘get_response’
解决方式:把中间件里init方法再改成这个以下就OK了。
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
class TestMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
‘’‘中间键类’’’
def init(self, *args, **kwargs):
‘’‘服务器重启之后,接受第一个请求时调用’’’
super().init(*args, **kwargs)
print(’–init–’)
至此,我的项目基本可以继续运行。
我看到网上还有人出现这个问题(我没有出现这个问题,但记录一下):django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1064, “You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED’ at line 1”)
解决方式:这次是数据库的设置错误。
在setting.py文件中找到DATABASES,然后添加一行代码
‘OPTIONS’: {‘isolation_level’: None}
保存!
再运行python manage.py runserver,运行成功!但这里它会提示
You have 5 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth.
Run ‘python manage.py migrate’ to apply them.
直接再运行python manage.py migrate把文件再迁移一下就可以了!