Python中字符串的方法详解

Python中字符串的方法详解

| 1，capitalize(self, /) 返回一个 首字母大写，其余所有字母小写的新字符串

| Return a capitalized version of the string.
|
| More specifically, make the first character have upper case and the rest lower
| case.

| 2，casefold(self, /) 返回一个将所有字母转换为小写的字符串

| Return a version of the string suitable for caseless comparisons.

| 3，center(self, width, fillchar=’ ', /) 返回一个 居中的新字符串，可以自行设置宽度和填充字符

| Return a centered string of length width.
|
| Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).

| 4，count(…) 计算字符串中所需元素出现的次数，可以选择字符串索引的起始位置和结束位置。

| S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
|
| Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
| string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are
| interpreted as in slice notation.

| 5，encode(self, /, encoding=‘utf-8’, errors=‘strict’) 以指定的编码格式编码字符串，默认编码为 ‘utf-8’

| Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding.
|
| encoding
| The encoding in which to encode the string.
| errors
| The error handling scheme to use for encoding errors.
| The default is ‘strict’ meaning that encoding errors raise a
| UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are ‘ignore’, ‘replace’ and
| ‘xmlcharrefreplace’ as well as any other name registered with
| codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.

| 6，endswith(…) 判断字符串是否以指定字符作为结尾，返回值为bool类型

| S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
|
| Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
| With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
| With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
| suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
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| 7，expandtabs(self, /, tabsize=8) 将字符串S中的 \t 替换为一定数量的空格。默认N=8

| Return a copy where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
|
| If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
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| 8， find(…) 查找字符串中指定的子字符串sub第一次出现的位置，可以规定字符串的索引查找范围。若无则返回 -1。

| S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
|
| Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
| such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
| arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
|
| Return -1 on failure.
|

| 9，format(…) 格式化

| S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str
|
| Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
| The substitutions are identified by braces (‘{’ and ‘}’).
|
| format_map(…)
| S.format_map(mapping) -> str
|
| Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.
| The substitutions are identified by braces (‘{’ and ‘}’).
|

| 10，index(…) 查找字符串中第一次出现的子字符串的位置，可以规定字符串的索引查找范围[star,end)。若无则会报错。

| S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
|
| Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
| such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
| arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
|
| Raises ValueError wh