python常用网络获取信息函数

python常用网络获取信息函数

引用的库：需要额外安装的IPy netifaces scapy。

from platform import system
import IPy
import netifaces
from scapy.all import *
from scapy.layers.inet import IP, ICMP
from scapy.layers.l2 import Ether, ARP

可能会有点小问题，如果有就自己改改吧。。有的话也记得

给定一个ip地址获取本机和该ip通信的优先级最高的网卡，linux下返回网卡名字符串，windows返回网卡对象

def get_iface_by_ip(ip):
    pkt = IP(dst=ip)
    return pkt.route()[0]

给定网卡对象获取ipv6的网卡索引index

def get_ipv6_ifindex(iface):
    if system() == "Windows":
        return int(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface.guid)[socket.AF_INET6][-1]["broadcast"].split("%")[-1])
    elif system() == "Linux" or "Darwin":
        return int(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[socket.AF_INET6][-1]["broadcast"].split("%")[-1])
    else:
        return int(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[socket.AF_INET6][-1]["broadcast"].split("%")[-1])

给定ip地址获取对应的mac地址，该函数无法保证每次都可以获取到，建议也可以使用getmac这个库

def get_mac_by_ip_arp(ip):
    def start():
        arp_ask = Ether(dst="ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff") / ARP(pdst=ip)
        sendp(arp_ask, verbose=False)

    iface = get_iface_by_ip(ip)
    local_mac = get_if_hwaddr(iface)
    filter_arp = "arp and ether dst " + local_mac
    ans = sniff(filter=filter_arp, timeout=7, store=lambda pkt: pkt[ARP].psrc == ip and pkt[ARP].op == 2,
                started_callback=start, stop_filter=lambda pkt: pkt[ARP].psrc == ip, iface=iface)
    if len(ans) > 0:
        return ans[0][ARP].hwsrc
    else:
        return None

获取网卡的第一个ipv4地址
update 20.12.11：支持网卡存在多个ip的情况

# 从网卡配置的多个ip选择正确的ip
def select_ip(ips, ip):
    avaliable = []
    for index in range(len(ips)):
        subnet = IPy.IP(ips[index]["addr"]).make_net(ips[index]["netmask"])
        if ip in subnet:
            avaliable.append([index, subnet.prefixlen()])
    sorted_ips = sorted(avaliable, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=False)
    if len(sorted_ips) >0 :
        return ips[sorted_ips[0][0]]
    else:
        return None


def get_iface_ipv4(iface, ip):
    if system() == "Windows":
        right_ip = select_ip(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface.guid)[netifaces.AF_INET], ip)
        return right_ip["addr"]
    elif system() == "Linux" or "Darwin":
        right_ip = select_ip(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET], ip)
        return right_ip["addr"]
    else:
        right_ip = select_ip(netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET], ip)
        return right_ip["addr"]

获取网卡的第一个ipv6地址

def get_iface_ipv6(iface):
    if system() == "Windows":
        return netifaces.ifaddresses(iface.guid)[netifaces.AF_INET6][0]["addr"]
    elif system() == "Linux" or "Darwin":
        return netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET6][0]["addr"]
    else:
        return netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET6][0]["addr"]

获取网卡ipv4广播地址

def get_iface_broadcast(iface):
    iface_ipv4 = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["addr"]
    iface_ipv4_mask = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["netmask"]
    ips = IPy.IP(iface_ipv4).make_net(iface_ipv4_mask)
    return ips.broadcast().strNormal()

通过名字获取网卡

def get_iface(name):
    if system() == "Windows":
        for _ in IFACES.data:
            if IFACES.data[_].name == name:
                print("Inteface name: \t" + str(IFACES.data[_].name))
                print("Adapter name: \t" + str(IFACES.data[_].description))
                return _, IFACES.data[_]
        return None, None
    elif system() == "Linux" or system() == "Darwin":
        if name in get_if_list():
            print("Inteface name: \t" + name)
            return name, name
        else:
            return None, None
    else:
        return None, None

检查tcp端口是否可用

def check_tcp_available(ip, port, timeout=25):
    time_start = time.time()
    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
        if time.time() - time_start > timeout:
            return False
        try:
            s = socket.socket()
            s.settimeout(1)
            s.connect((ip, port))
            s.close()
            return True
        except:
            pass

检查目标网络是否可达

def check_network_available(ip, timeout=60):
    time_start = time.time()
    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
        if time.time() - time_start > timeout:
            return False
        try:
            ping_pkt = IP(dst=ip, ttl=20) / ICMP()
            count = 10
            ans, _ = sr(ping_pkt*count, timeout=0.5, inter=0.2, verbose=False)
            print("Check...")
            if len(ans) / count > 0.5:
                print("Network available")
                return True
        except:
            pass

在网卡没有配置网关的情况下，获取虚假网关
其实就是网络号后面的第一个ip地址

def get_fake_gateway(ip, mask):
    network_num = IPy.IP(ip).make_net(mask)[0]
    network_seq = network_num.strNormal()
    network_list = network_seq.split(".")
    network_list[-1] = str(int(network_list[-1]) + 1)
    gateway_fake = ".".join(network_list)
    return gateway_fake

通过ip获取对应网卡信息

def get_netiface_info_by_ip(ip):
    pkt = IP(dst=ip)/ICMP()
    iface = pkt.route()[0]
    if system() == "Windows":
        iface_name = iface.name
        iface_mac = get_if_hwaddr(iface)
        iface_ipv4 = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface.guid)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["addr"]
        iface_ipv4_mask = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface.guid)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["netmask"]
        iface_ipv4_gateway = None
        if netifaces.AF_INET in netifaces.gateways():
            for each_item in netifaces.gateways()[netifaces.AF_INET]:
                if iface in each_item:
                    iface_ipv4_gateway = each_item[0]
                    break
        if not iface_ipv4_gateway:
            iface_ipv4_gateway = get_fake_gateway(iface_ipv4, iface_ipv4_mask)
        # print(f"Name:\t{iface_name}\n"
        #       f"MAC:\t{iface_mac}\n"
        #       f"IPv4:\t{iface_ipv4}\n"
        #       f"IPv4_Mask:\t{iface_ipv4_mask}\n"
        #       f"IPv4_Gateway:\t{iface_ipv4_gateway}\n")
        return iface, iface_mac, iface_ipv4, iface_ipv4_mask, iface_ipv4_gateway
    elif system() == "Linux" or "Darwin":

        iface_name = iface
        iface_mac = get_if_hwaddr(iface)
        iface_ipv4 = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["addr"]
        iface_ipv4_mask = netifaces.ifaddresses(iface)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]["netmask"]
        iface_ipv4_gateway = None
        if netifaces.AF_INET in netifaces.gateways():
            for each_item in netifaces.gateways()[netifaces.AF_INET]:
                if iface in each_item:
                    iface_ipv4_gateway = each_item[0]
                    break
        if not iface_ipv4_gateway:
            iface_ipv4_gateway = get_fake_gateway(iface_ipv4, iface_ipv4_mask)
        # print(f"Name:\t{iface_name}\n"
        #       f"MAC:\t{iface_mac}\n"
        #       f"IPv4:\t{iface_ipv4}\n"
        #       f"IPv4_Mask:\t{iface_ipv4_mask}\n"
        #       f"IPv4_Gateway:\t{iface_ipv4_gateway}\n")
        return iface, iface_mac, iface_ipv4, iface_ipv4_mask, iface_ipv4_gateway
    else:
        print("Not support")