文章目录
JAVAweb-邮件发送
一、简单邮件发送(只包含纯文字)
1、 新建一个maven项目
2、导入依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.activation/activation -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
<artifactId>activation</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/javax.mail-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
3、qq邮箱中设置->账户->开启POP3/SMTP服务,拿到授权码
- 邮件发送的步骤
1.创建session对象
2.创建Transport对象
3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
4.创建一个Message对象(需要传递session),message需要指明发件人、收件人以及文件内容
5.发送邮件
6.关闭连接
- 代码
//使用qq邮箱给网易邮箱发送普通邮件
public class SendMail {
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");//邮件发送的协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码
//qq邮箱需要设置SSL加密
MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);
//使用javaMail发送邮件:
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("发送人邮箱","授权码");
}
});
//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","发送人的邮箱","授权码");
//4、创建邮件内容,注意需要传递session
MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
//指明邮件的发件人
mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("发件人邮箱"));
//指明邮件的收件人
mimeMessage.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("接收人邮箱"));
//邮件标题
mimeMessage.setSubject("第一次发送的邮件");
//邮件的内容
mimeMessage.setContent("你好,网易邮箱,我是qq邮箱","text/html;charset=utf-8");
//5、发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
//6、关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
4、复杂文件的发送
- 除了邮件内容部分,其他的部分代码与简单邮件发送都差不多,邮件内容被分为很多个部分,由文件、图片、附件等构成;文本内容一般为HTML的格式发送。
//使用qq邮箱给网易邮箱发送带有图片的邮件
public class SendMail {
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");//邮件发送的协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码
//qq邮箱需要设置SSL加密
MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);
//使用javaMail发送邮件:
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("发送人邮箱","授权码");
}
});
//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","发送人的邮箱","授权码");
//4、创建邮件内容,注意需要传递session
MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
//指明邮件的发件人
mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("发件人邮箱"));
//指明邮件的收件人
mimeMessage.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("接收人邮箱"));
//邮件标题
mimeMessage.setSubject("这是一封带有图片的邮件");
//邮件的内容
//准备图片数据
MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
//图片需要经过数据处理,DataHandler:数据处理
DataHandler dataHandler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\java\\MYworkspace\\mail\\src\\main\\resources\\images\\img.jpg"));
image.setDataHandler(dataHandler);//在body中放入处理图片的数据
image.setContentID("img.jpg");//给图片设置一个ID
//准备正文数据
MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
text.setContent("你好,网易邮箱,我是qq邮箱,我带图片<img src='cid=img.jsp'>来看你了","text/html;charset=utf-8");
//描述数据关系
MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
mm.addBodyPart(text);
mm.addBodyPart(image);
mm.setSubType("related");
//设置到消息中,保存修改
mimeMessage.setContent(mm);
mimeMessage.saveChanges();
//5、发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
//6、关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
//使用qq邮箱给网易邮箱发送带有图片的邮件
public class SendMail {
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");//邮件发送的协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");//需要验证用户密码
//qq邮箱需要设置SSL加密
MailSSLSocketFactory sf=new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);
//使用javaMail发送邮件:
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("发送人邮箱","授权码");
}
});
//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","发送人的邮箱","授权码");
//4、创建邮件内容,注意需要传递session
MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
//指明邮件的发件人
mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("发件人邮箱"));
//指明邮件的收件人
mimeMessage.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("接收人邮箱"));
//邮件标题
mimeMessage.setSubject("这是一封带有图片的邮件");
//邮件的内容
//准备图片数据
MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
//图片需要经过数据处理,DataHandler:数据处理
DataHandler dataHandler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\java\\MYworkspace\\mail\\src\\main\\resources\\images\\img.jpg"));
image.setDataHandler(dataHandler);//在body中放入处理图片的数据
image.setContentID("img.jpg");//给图片设置一个ID
//准备正文数据
MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
text.setContent("你好,网易邮箱,我是qq邮箱,我带图片<img src='cid=img.jsp'>来看你了","text/html;charset=utf-8");
//描述数据关系
MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
mm.addBodyPart(text);
mm.addBodyPart(image);
mm.setSubType("related");
//设置到消息中,保存修改
mimeMessage.setContent(mm);
mimeMessage.saveChanges();
//5、发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
//6、关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
public class SendMailDemo03 {
//使用qq邮箱给网易邮箱发送带有附件的邮件
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送的协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户密码
//qq邮箱需要设置SSL加密
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
//使用javaMail发送邮件:
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("发送人邮箱","授权码");
}
});
//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","发送人的邮箱","授权码");
//4、创建邮件内容,注意需要传递session
MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
//指明邮件的发件人
mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("发件人邮箱"));
//指明邮件的收件人
mimeMessage.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("接收人邮箱"));
//邮件标题
mimeMessage.setSubject("这是一封带有附件的邮件");
//邮件的内容
//准备图片数据
MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
//图片需要经过数据处理,DataHandler:数据处理
DataHandler dataHandler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\java\\MYworkspace\\mail\\src\\main\\resources\\images\\img.jpg"));
image.setDataHandler(dataHandler);//在body中放入处理图片的数据
image.setContentID("img.jpg");//给图片设置一个ID
//准备正文数据
MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
text.setContent("你好,网易邮箱,我是qq邮箱,我带图片<img src='cid=img.jsp'>和附件来看你了", "text/html;charset=utf-8");
//附件
MimeBodyPart enclosure = new MimeBodyPart();
enclosure.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\java\\MYworkspace\\mail\\src\\main\\resources\\enclosure\\附件.docx")));
enclosure.setFileName("1.doc");//设置附件的名字
//描述数据关系,拼接邮件正文内容
MimeMultipart mm1 = new MimeMultipart();
mm1.addBodyPart(text);
mm1.addBodyPart(image);
mm1.setSubType("related");
//将拼接好的正文内容设置为主体
MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();
contentText.setContent(mm1);
//拼接附件
MimeMultipart totalFile = new MimeMultipart();
totalFile.addBodyPart(enclosure);
totalFile.addBodyPart(contentText);
totalFile.setSubType("mixed");//正文和附件都存在邮件中,所以类型设置为mixed;
//设置到消息中,保存修改
mimeMessage.setContent(totalFile);
mimeMessage.saveChanges();
//5、发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage, mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
//6、关闭连接
ts.close();
}
}
5、实战:注册通知邮件
-
新建一个maven项目
-
导入所需要的依赖
-
前端注册页面
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
密码:<input type="text" name="password">
邮箱:<input type="text" name="email">
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
- 创建一个实体类
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private String email;
public User(String username, String password, String email) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.email = email;
}
public User() {
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
- 使用多线程封装发送邮件
//使用多线程提升用户体验(异步处理)
public class SendMail implements Runnable {
//用于给用户发邮件的邮箱
private String from = "发件人邮箱";
//邮箱的用户名
private String username = "发件人邮箱";
//邮箱的密码
private String password = "授权码";
//发送邮件的服务器地址
private String host = "smtp.qq.com";
private User user;
public SendMail(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.host", host);//设置qq邮件服务器
properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送的协议
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户密码
//qq邮箱需要设置SSL加密
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = null;
sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
//使用javaMail发送邮件:
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需要的环境信息的session对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
}
});
//开启session的debug模式,这样可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect(host, from, password);
//4、创建邮件内容,注意需要传递session
MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
//指明邮件的发件人
mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
//指明邮件的收件人
mimeMessage.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));
//邮件标题
mimeMessage.setSubject("注册成功");
//邮件的内容
mimeMessage.setContent("你好,恭喜你注册成功!!你的用户名是:"+user.getUsername()+"你的用户密码是:"+user.getPassword(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");
//5、发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage, mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
//6、关闭连接
ts.close();
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (AddressException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
- Servlet调用多线程实现注册发送短信
@WebServlet("/RegisterServlet.do")
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//得到前端数据,接收用户请求
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
String email = req.getParameter("email");
User user = new User(username, password, email);
//用户注册成功后给用户发送一封邮件
//使用多线程来发送邮件,防止出现耗时,和网站注册人数过多的情况;
SendMail sendMail = new SendMail(user);
Thread thread = new Thread(sendMail);
thread.start();
//注册成功跳转
req.setAttribute("message","注册成功,请查收包含用户名和密码的电子邮件");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successful.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}