SpringSecurity

SpringSecurity

1、什么是SpringSecurity?

官方解读: Spring Security是一个强大的和高度可定制的身份验证和访问控制框架。 它是保证基于spring的应用程序安全的实际标准。

  • 认证 (你是谁)
  • 授权 (你能干什么)
  • 攻击防护 (防止伪造身份)
准备工作:

创建一个springboot项目,添加springweb依赖,添加thymeleaf依赖以及security依赖

<!--thymeleaf-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 覆盖thymeleaf版本依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--security-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

导入静态资源:

关闭thymeleaf页面缓存:

spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

创建controller层,编写视图跳转的controller

@Controller
public class RouterController {
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String MainPage(){
        return "/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String Login(){
        return "/views/login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
    public String Level1(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return "/views/level1/"+id;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
    public String Level2(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
        return "/views/level1/"+id;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
    public String Level3(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
        return "/views/level1/"+id;
    }
}

2、认证跟授权

记得添加security的依赖包

<!--security-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

新建一个配置类:继承webSecurityConfigurerAdapter,添加@EnableWebSecurity注解

  • 授权:重写configure(HttpSecurity http)方法
    • 没有权限默认跳转至登录页:http.formLogin();
  • 认证:重写configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)方法
    • 对密码进行加密:new BCryptPasswordEncoder()
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    //授权
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //首页所有人可以访问,功能页只有对应有权限的人才能访问
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

        //没有权限默认跳转到登录页
        http.formLogin();
    }

    //认证
    //密码编码:PasswordEncoder
    //在Spring Security 5.0+新增了许多加密方法
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("lengzher").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123123")).roles("vip1","vip2")
                .and()
                .withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123123")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
                .and()
                .withUser("guest").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123123")).roles("vip1");
    }
}

3、注销和权限控制

注销功能:

在configure(HttpSecurity http)方法中使用

//注销
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");//开启注销功能,注销后返回首页

在pom.xml中导入thymeleaf和security的整合包(springboot版本2.5+的导security5,以下版本到security4)

<!--thymeleaf-security整合包-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

前端导入命名空间

xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security"

设置登录以及未登录时显示的内容

<!--登录注销-->
<div class="right menu">
    <!--如果没有登录-->
    <div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
        <a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
            <i class="address card icon"></i> 登录
        </a>
    </div>
    <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
        <!--如果登录:用户名,角色-->
        <!--角色和用户名-->
        <a class="item">
            用户名:<span sec:authentication="name"></span>
            角色:<span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>
        </a>
    </div>
    <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
        <!--如果登录:注销-->
        <!--注销-->
        <a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
            <i class="sign-out icon"></i> 注销
        </a>
    </div>


</div>
权限控制:

拥有vip角色的用户可以看到vip的内容

<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')"></div>
<div class="ui raised segment" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')"></div>
<div class="ui raised segment" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')"></div>
<div>
    <br>
    <div class="ui three column stackable grid">
        <!--动态菜单的效果-->
        <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
            <div class="ui raised segment">
                <div class="ui">
                    <div class="content">
                        <h5 class="content">Level 1</h5>
                        <hr>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-1</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-2</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-3</a></div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="column">
            <div class="ui raised segment" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
                <div class="ui">
                    <div class="content">
                        <h5 class="content">Level 2</h5>
                        <hr>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-1</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-2</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-3</a></div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="column">
            <div class="ui raised segment" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
                <div class="ui">
                    <div class="content">
                        <h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
                        <hr>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
                        <div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

    </div>
</div>

4、登录页面定制

在configure(HttpSecurity http)方法中开启登录页面:

//没有权限默认会到登录页面,需要开启登录页面
http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin").usernameParameter("username").passwordParameter("password").loginProcessingUrl("/login");

记住我配置

//记住我,存储在cookie,默认时间14天
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");

前端编写表单

<!--如果要使用toLogin,则http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin");配置一致。
如果非要使用login,则http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin").loginProcessingUrl("/login");
-->
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <div class="field">
        <label>工号</label>
        <div class="ui left icon input">
            <input type="text" placeholder="请输入工号..." name="username">
            <i class="user icon"></i>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="field">
        <label>密码</label>
        <div class="ui left icon input">
            <input type="password" placeholder="请输入密码..." name="password">
            <i class="lock icon"></i>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="field">
        <input type="checkbox" name="remember">记住我
    </div>
    <input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
</form>

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