Python-4.33 IO模型

• 阻塞IO

blocking IO的特点就是在IO执行的两个阶段（等待数据和拷贝数据两个阶段）都被block了

# 服务端

from socket import *
from threading import Thread


def communicate(conn):
    while True:
        try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            conn.send(data.upper())
        except ConnectionResetError:
            break
    conn.close()


server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8080))
server.listen(5)

while True:
    print('start...')
    conn, addr = server.accept()
    print(addr)

    t = Thread(target=communicate, args=(conn,))
    t.start()

server.close()

# 客户端

from socket import *

client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080))

while True:
    msg = input('>>: ').strip()
    if not msg: continue
    client.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

client.close()

• 非阻塞IO

在非阻塞式IO中，用户进程其实是需要不断的主动询问kernel数据准备好了没有。

# 服务端

from socket import *

server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8080))
server.listen(5)
server.setblocking(False)
print('start......')

rlist = []
wlist = []

while True:
    try:
        conn, addr = server.accept()
        rlist.append(conn)
        print(rlist)
    except BlockingIOError:
        # print('干其他的活')

        # 收消息
        del_rlist = []
        for conn in rlist:
            try:
                data = conn.recv(1024)
                if not data:
                    del_rlist.append(conn)
                    continue
                wlist.append((conn, data.upper()))
            except BlockingIOError:
                continue
            except Exception:
                conn.close()
                del_rlist.append(conn)
        # 发消息
        del_wlist = []
        for item in wlist:
            try:
                conn = item[0]
                data = item[1]
                conn.send(data)
                del_wlist.append(item)
            except BlockingIOError:
                pass
        for item in del_wlist:
            wlist.remove(item)
        for conn in del_rlist:
            rlist.remove(conn)

server.close()

• 多路复用IO
  select的优势在于可以处理多个连接，不适用于单个连接

# 服务端

import select
from socket import *

server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8080))
server.listen(5)
server.setblocking(False)
print('start......')

rlist = [server, ]
wlist = []
wdata = {}

while True:
    r1, w1, x1 = select.select(rlist, wlist, [], 0.5)
    print('r1', r1)
    print('w1', w1)

    for sock in r1:
        if sock == server:
            conn, addr = sock.accept()
            rlist.append(conn)

        else:
            try:
                data = sock.recv(1024)
                if not data:
                    sock.close()
                    rlist.remove(sock)
                    continue
                wlist.append(sock)
                wdata[sock] = data.upper()

            except Exception:
                sock.close()
                rlist.remove(sock)
    for sock in w1:
        data = wdata[sock]
        sock.send(data)
        wlist.remove(sock)
        wdata.pop(sock)

server.close()