C 语法 - 04_数组、05_函数、06_预处理

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

//倒序
void test01()
{
	int arr[10];
	int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	printf("请输入%d个int数据：", n);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		scanf_s("%d", &arr[i]);
	}

	for (int i = 0, j = n - 1; i < j; i++, j--)
	{
		int tmp = arr[i];
		arr[i] = arr[j];
		arr[j] = tmp;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");

}


//从小到大排序
void test02()
{
	int arr[10];
	int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	printf("请输入%d个int数据：", n);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		scanf_s("%d", &arr[i]);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
	{
		int min = i;
		for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
		{
			if (arr[min] > arr[j])
			{
				min = j;
			}
		}

		if (i != min)
		{
			int tmp = arr[i];
			arr[i] = arr[min];
			arr[min] = tmp;
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");

}


void test03()
{
	int arr[3][4] = { 0 };
	int row = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	int col = sizeof(arr[0]) / sizeof(arr[0][0]);

	printf("请输入%d个int数据", row * col);

	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			scanf_s("%d", &arr[i][j]);
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf("%d ", arr[i][j]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

}


void test04()
{
	char arr[6] = "hello";
	for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
	{
		printf("%c", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");

	printf("%s", arr);

}

//sizeof()  strlen()
void test05()
{
	char arr01[] = { 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
	char arr02[] = "hello";

	printf("arr01的空间大小 = %lu\n", sizeof(arr01));  //5
	printf("arr02的空间大小 = %lu\n", sizeof(arr02));  //6

	printf("arr01的字符串长度 = %lu\n", strlen(arr01));   //不确定，没有'\0'结尾
	printf("arr02的字符串长度 = %lu\n", strlen(arr02));  //5

	char arr03[] = "hello\0world";
	printf("arr03的空间大小 = %lu\n", sizeof(arr03));  //12
	printf("arr03的字符串长度 = %lu\n", strlen(arr03));  //5

	char arr04[] = "\123456\xab\\\abc";
	printf("arr04的空间大小 = %lu\n", sizeof(arr04));  //10
	printf("arr04的字符串长度 = %lu\n", strlen(arr04));  //9

}

//scanf()
void test06()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");
	scanf("%s", str);         //遇到空格和回车结束输入
	//scanf("%s", &str[0]);
	 
	printf("输出结果：%s\n", str);

}


//gets()
void test07()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");
	gets_s(str);         //gets可以获取空格输入但不获取回车，不会判断目的空间足够，容易越界。

	printf("输出结果：##%s##\n", str);
}

//fgets()
void test08()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");

	fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);    //fgets能获取带空格字符串和回车
	str[strlen(str) - 1] = 0;          //消除获取到的回车

	printf("输出结果：##%s##\n", str);
}


//获取字符串长度
void test09()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");

	fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
	str[strlen(str) - 1] = 0;

	int i = 0;
	while (str[i] != 0 && ++i);
	//while (str[i] != 0)
	//{
	//	i++;
	//}

	printf("字符串长度为：%d\n", i);

}

//字符串拷贝
void test10()
{
	char str01[128] = "";
	char str02[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");

	fgets(str01, sizeof(str01), stdin);
	str01[strlen(str01) - 1] = 0;

	int i = 0;
	while (str01[i] != 0)
	{
		str02[i] = str01[i];
		i++;
	}
	str02[i] = 0;

	printf("str02=##%s##\n", str02);
}


//字符串拼接
void test11()
{
	char str01[128] = "hello ni hao";
	char str02[128] = "world";

	int i = 0;
	while (str01[i] != 0 && ++i);

	int j = 0;
	while (str02[j] != 0)
	{
		str01[i] = str02[j];
		i++;
		j++;
	}
	str01[i] = 0;

	printf("str01=##%s##\n", str01);

}

//查找指定字符位置
void test12()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");
	fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
	str[strlen(str) - 1] = 0;

	char ch = 0;
	printf("请输入要查找的字符：");
	ch = getchar();

	int i = 0;
	while (str[i] != 0)
	{
		if (str[i] == ch)
		{
			printf("找到位置%d\n", i);
			break;
		}
		i++;
	}

	if (str[i] == 0)
		printf("没有找到位置\n");

}


//将一组字符串插入另一组字符串的指定位置
void test13()
{
	char str01[128] = "hello ni hao";
	char str02[128] = "world ";

	int pos = 6;

	int i = 0;
	while (str01[i] != 0 && ++i);

	int j = 0;
	while (str02[j] != 0 && ++j);

	if (pos < 0 || pos > i)
	{
		printf("pos指定位置越界无效\n");
		return;
	}

	if (i + j > sizeof(str01))
	{
		printf("插入越界无效\n");
		return;
	}

	while(i >= pos)
	{
		str01[i + j] = str01[i];
		i--;
	}

	for (int i=0; i<j; i++)
	{
		str01[pos+i] = str02[i];
	}

	printf("##%s##\n", str01);

}


void inputIntArray(int arr[], int n);
void sortIntArray(int arr[], int n);
void printfIntArray(int arr[], int n);
void test14()
{
	int arr[5] = {0};
	int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);

	//给整形数组获取键盘输入
	inputIntArray(arr, n);

	//对整形数组进行排序
	sortIntArray(arr, n);

	//打印整形数组
	printfIntArray(arr, n);

	return;

}


void myGetString(char str[], int n);
int getStrLen(char str[]);
void test15()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	int n = sizeof(str);

	//给字符数组获取键盘输入
	myGetString(str, n);

	//获取字符串长度   
	int len = getStrLen(str);

	printf("%d\n", len);

}


void test16()
{
	char str[128] = "";
	fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
	str[strlen(str) - 1] = 0;

	int i = 0;
	while (str[i] != 0)
	{
#define MAX_TO_MIN

#ifdef MAX_TO_MIN
		if (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z')        //大写字母转小写字母
		{
			str[i] += 32;
		}
#else
		if (str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z')        //小写字母转大写字母
		{
			str[i] -= 32;
		}
#endif
		i++;

	}

	printf("%s\n", str);

	return;
} 







int main()
{

	test16();


	return 0;


}

void inputIntArray(int arr[], int n)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
	}
}

void sortIntArray(int arr[], int n)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
	{
		int min = i;
		for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
		{
			if (arr[min] > arr[j])
			{
				min = j;
			}
		}

		if (i != min)
		{
			int tmp = arr[i];
			arr[i] = arr[min];
			arr[min] = tmp;
		}
	}

}

void printfIntArray(int arr[], int n)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");

}

void myGetString(char str[], int n)
{
	printf("请输入一个字符串：");

	fgets(str, n, stdin);    //fgets能获取带空格字符串和回车
	str[strlen(str) - 1] = 0;          //消除获取到的回车

}

int getStrLen(char str[])
{
	int i = 0;
	while (str[i] != 0 && ++i);

	return i;

}