5.进程，线程——进程池

进程池基础

import multiprocessing
import time


def work(workNum):
    print(f"{workNum}working........", multiprocessing.current_process())
    time.sleep(1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 创建线程池，指定线程个数
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(5)
    for i in range(10):
        # 同步,轮流执行
        # pool.apply(work, (f"work{i}",))
        # 异步，主进程不再等待线程池完成后退出
        pool.apply_async(work, (f"work{i}",))
    # 异步，不再接收新的任务
    pool.close()
    # 异步，让主线程等待线程池完成
    pool.join()

进程池中的消息队列

import multiprocessing
import time


def write_queue(queue):
    for i in range(10):
        if queue.full():
            print("队列已满")
            break
        else:
            queue.put(i)
            print("写入成功，已经写入", i)
            time.sleep(0.5)


def read_queue(queue):
    while True:
        if queue.empty():
            print("队列空了")
            break
        else:
            value = queue.get()
            print("已经读取：", value)
            time.sleep(0.5)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 创建线程池，指定线程个数
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(2)
    # 创建进程池中队列
    queue = multiprocessing.Manager().Queue(5)
    # 同步方式
    # pool.apply(write_queue, (queue,))
    # pool.apply(read_queue, (queue,))
    # 异步方式
    # apply_async 返回值 ApplyResult对象的wait()方法表示先让当前进程执行完毕，后续进程才能启动
    applyResult = pool.apply_async(write_queue, (queue,))
    applyResult.wait(timeout=3)

    pool.apply_async(read_queue, (queue,))

    pool.close()
    pool.join()