数据分析-matplotlib

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matplotlib折线图

Example1

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#define value of x and y
x = range(2,26,2)
y = [15,13,14.5,17,20,25,26,26,27,22,18,15]


#图像模糊可以传入dpi
fig = plt.figure(figsize = (20,8),dpi = 80)

#take the parameters of x and y and plot
plt.plot(x,y)

#set x range
plt.xticks(range(2,25,1))


#保存图片
plt.savefig("./test.png")

#show the graph
plt.show()

---

Example2

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import random
from matplotlib import font_manager


x = range(0,120)
y = [random.randint(20,35) for i in range (120)]
fig = plt.figure(figsize = (20,8),dpi = 80)
plt.plot(x,y)

#调整x的label
_xtick_labels = ["10点{}分".format(i) for i in range(60)]
_xtick_labels += ["11点{}分".format(i) for i in range(60)]

#调文字
#my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname = r"/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc")

'''
xticks()中有三个参数
第一个是数组，第二个也是数组，用于设置每个间隔的显示标签，第三个是字体斜率一些
'''
plt.xticks(list(x)[::3],_xtick_labels[::3],rotation = 45 )#fontproperties = my_font

#添加描述信息
#plt.xlabel("时间",fontproperties=my_font)
#plt.ylabel("温度 单位(℃)",fontproperties=my_font)
#plt.title("10点到12点每分钟的气温变化情况",fontproperties=my_font)


plt.show()

Example３

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

y_1 = [1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]
y_2 = [1,0,3,1,2,2,3,3,2,1 ,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]

x = range(11,31)

#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

plt.plot(x,y_1,label="myself",color="#F08080")
plt.plot(x,y_2,label="friend",color="#DB7093",linestyle="--")

#设置x轴刻度
_xtick_labels = ["{}-years-old".format(i) for i in x]
plt.xticks(x,_xtick_labels,rotation = 45)
# plt.yticks(range(0,9))

#绘制网格
plt.grid(alpha=0.4,linestyle=':')

#添加图例
plt.legend(loc="upper left")

#展示
plt.show()

---

matplotlib散点图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]
x_3 = range(1,32)
x_10 = range(51,82)

#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label="March")
plt.scatter(x_10,y_10,label="October")

_x = list(x_3)+list(x_10)
_xtick_labels = ["March.{}".format(i) for i in x_3]
_xtick_labels += ["October.{}".format(i-50) for i in x_10]
plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xtick_labels[::3],rotation = 45)

plt.legend(loc="upper left")


plt.xlabel("time")
plt.ylabel("temperature")
plt.title("title")

plt.show()

---

matplotlib条形图

Example１

from matplotlib import font_manager
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc")


a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
# plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.3,color = "red")
# plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font,rotation=90)


#another way
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height=0.3,color = "purple")
plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font)


plt.show()

---

Example2

# coding=utf-8
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc")


a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]

bar_width = 0.2

x_14 = list(range(len(a)))
x_15 =  [i+bar_width for i in x_14]
x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]

#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

plt.bar(range(len(a)),b_14,width=bar_width,label="9月14日")
plt.bar(x_15,b_15,width=bar_width,label="9月15日")
plt.bar(x_16,b_16,width=bar_width,label="9月16日")

#设置图例
plt.legend(prop=my_font)

#设置x轴的刻度
plt.xticks(x_15,a,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.show()

---

matplotlib直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

#计算组数
d = 3  #组距
num_bins = (max(a)-min(a))//d
print(max(a),min(a),max(a)-min(a))
print(num_bins)


#设置图形的大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.hist(a,num_bins)

#设置x轴的刻度
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))

plt.grid()

plt.show()