项目地址 How Does a Database Work? | Let’s Build a Simple Database (cstack.github.io)
我们已经实现了insert、select,是时候补上delete、update了。
先说delete。我的设想是输入三个元素,与存储的内容相比较,相同就删除。
那么我们怎么修改代码呢?我的思路是:先从预处理开始,再修改定义,接着改调用,最后写实现。
我们先进行预处理,输入的buffer中能识别delete
PrepareResult prepare_statement(InputBuffer* input_buffer,Statement* statement) {
if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "insert",6) == 0) {
statement->type = STATEMENT_INSERT;
int args_assigned = sscanf(
input_buffer->buffer, "insert %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_insert.id),statement->row_to_insert.username, statement->row_to_insert.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select",6) == 0){
if (strcmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select") == 0) {
statement->row_to_select=ALL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select id")==0) {
statement->row_to_select=ID;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select username")==0){
statement->row_to_select=USERNAME;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select email")==0){
statement->row_to_select=EMAIL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
else if(strncmp(input_buffer->buffer,"delete",6)==0){
statement->type = STATEMENT_DELETE;
int args_assigned = sscanf( input_buffer->buffer,
"delete %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_delete.id),
statement->row_to_delete.username, statement->row_to_delete.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_UNRECOGNIZED_STATEMENT;
}
然后修改StatementType
typedef enum {
STATEMENT_INSERT,
STATEMENT_SELECT,
STATEMENT_DELETE
} StatementType;
接着修改execute_statement
ExecuteResult execute_statement(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
switch (statement->type) {
case (STATEMENT_INSERT):
return execute_insert(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_SELECT):
return execute_select(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_DELETE):
return execute_delete(statement, table);
}
}
在添加row_to_delete到statement中
typedef struct {
StatementType type;
Row row_to_insert;
SelectResult row_to_select;
Row row_to_delete;
}Statement;
添加execute_delete核心函数
ExecuteResult execute_delete(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
Row row;
bool flag=false;
Row* row_to_delete = &(statement->row_to_delete);
uint32_t j;
for(uint32_t i=0;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
if(statement->row_to_delete.id==row.id && strcmp(statement->row_to_delete.username,row.username )==0&&strcmp(statement->row_to_delete.email,row.email)==0)
{ flag=true;
j=i;
break;
}
}
for(uint32_t i=j+1;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
serialize_row(&row,row_slot(table,i-1));
}
table->num_rows -= 1;
if(flag==true)
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
else return EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND;
}
这里我们添加了EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND成员,得补上
typedef enum {
EXECUTE_SUCCESS,
EXECUTE_TABLE_FULL,
EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND
} ExecuteResult;
main函数中得处理这个case
switch (execute_statement(&statement, table)) {
case (EXECUTE_SUCCESS):
printf("Executed.\n");
break;
case (EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND):
printf("Error: Not found.\n");
break;
case (EXECUTE_TABLE_FULL):
printf("Error: Table full.\n");
break;
}
好了,完成了,是不是很简单? 那我们乘胜追击,再完成update功能!我的设想是输入update后有6个参数,前三个是旧参数,后三个是新参数。有了想法后,就很容易了。
先预处理
PrepareResult prepare_statement(InputBuffer* input_buffer,Statement* statement) {
if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "insert",6) == 0) {
statement->type = STATEMENT_INSERT;
int args_assigned = sscanf(
input_buffer->buffer, "insert %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_insert.id),statement->row_to_insert.username, statement->row_to_insert.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select",6) == 0){
if (strcmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select") == 0) {
statement->row_to_select=ALL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select id")==0) {
statement->row_to_select=ID;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select username")==0){
statement->row_to_select=USERNAME;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select email")==0){
statement->row_to_select=EMAIL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
else if(strncmp(input_buffer->buffer,"delete",6)==0){
statement->type = STATEMENT_DELETE;
int args_assigned = sscanf(
input_buffer->buffer, "delete %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_delete.id),statement->row_to_delete.username, statement->row_to_delete.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
if(strncmp(input_buffer->buffer,"update",6)==0){
int args=sscanf(input_buffer->buffer,"update %d %s %s %d %s %s ",&(statement->row_to_update_old.id),statement->row_to_update_old.username,
statement->row_to_update_old.email,&(statement->row_to_update_new.id),statement->row_to_update_new.username,statement->row_to_update_new.email);
if (args!=6){
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
statement->type = STATEMENT_UPDATE;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_UNRECOGNIZED_STATEMENT;
}
然后修改StatementType
typedef enum {
STATEMENT_INSERT,
STATEMENT_SELECT,
STATEMENT_DELETE,
STATEMENT_UPDATE
} StatementType;
接着修改调用
ExecuteResult execute_statement(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
switch (statement->type) {
case (STATEMENT_INSERT):
return execute_insert(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_SELECT):
return execute_select(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_DELETE):
return execute_delete(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_UPDATE):
return execute_update(statement, table);
}
}
添加row_to_update_old,row_to_update_new两个参数到Statement中
typedef struct {
StatementType type;
Row row_to_insert;
SelectResult row_to_select;
Row row_to_delete;
Row row_to_update_old;
Row row_to_update_new;
}Statement;
最后,添加核心函数execute_update。
ExecuteResult execute_update(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
Row row;
bool flag=false;
for(uint32_t i=0;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
if(statement->row_to_update_old.id==row.id && strcmp(statement->row_to_update_old.username,row.username )==0&&strcmp(statement->row_to_update_old.email,row.email)==0)
{ flag=true;
row.id=statement->row_to_update_new.id;
strcpy(row.username,statement->row_to_update_new.username);
strcpy(row.email,statement->row_to_update_new.email);
}
serialize_row(&row,row_slot(table,i));
}
if(flag==false){
return EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND;
}
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
}
完成!这里给出目前的全部代码:
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#define COLUMN_USERNAME_SIZE 32
#define COLUMN_EMAIL_SIZE 255
#define size_of_attribute(Struct, Attribute) sizeof(((Struct*)0)->Attribute)
#define TABLE_MAX_PAGES 100
typedef struct {
uint32_t num_rows;
void* pages[TABLE_MAX_PAGES];
} Table;
typedef struct {
uint32_t id;
char username[COLUMN_USERNAME_SIZE];
char email[COLUMN_EMAIL_SIZE];
} Row;
typedef struct{
char* buffer;
size_t buffer_length;
ssize_t input_length;
}InputBuffer;
typedef enum {
META_COMMAND_SUCCESS,
META_COMMAND_UNRECOGNIZED_COMMAND
} MetaCommandResult;
typedef enum {
PREPARE_SUCCESS,
PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR,
PREPARE_UNRECOGNIZED_STATEMENT
} PrepareResult;
typedef enum { EXECUTE_SUCCESS,
EXECUTE_TABLE_FULL ,
EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND
} ExecuteResult;
typedef enum {
STATEMENT_INSERT,
STATEMENT_SELECT,
STATEMENT_DELETE,
STATEMENT_UPDATE
} StatementType;
typedef enum {
ID,
USERNAME,
EMAIL,
ALL
} SelectResult;
typedef struct {
StatementType type;
Row row_to_insert;
SelectResult row_to_select;
Row row_to_delete;
Row row_to_update_old;
Row row_to_update_new;
}Statement;
const uint32_t ID_OFFSET = 0;
const uint32_t PAGE_SIZE = 4096;
const uint32_t ID_SIZE = size_of_attribute(Row, id);
const uint32_t USERNAME_SIZE = size_of_attribute(Row, username);
const uint32_t EMAIL_SIZE = size_of_attribute(Row, email);
const uint32_t USERNAME_OFFSET = ID_OFFSET + ID_SIZE;
const uint32_t EMAIL_OFFSET = USERNAME_OFFSET + USERNAME_SIZE;
const uint32_t ROW_SIZE = ID_SIZE + USERNAME_SIZE + EMAIL_SIZE;
const uint32_t ROWS_PER_PAGE = PAGE_SIZE / ROW_SIZE;
const uint32_t TABLE_MAX_ROWS = ROWS_PER_PAGE * TABLE_MAX_PAGES;
void free_table(Table* table) ;
void close_input_buffer(InputBuffer* input_buffer);
MetaCommandResult do_meta_command(InputBuffer* input_buffer,Table* table) {
if (strcmp(input_buffer->buffer, ".exit") == 0) {
close_input_buffer(input_buffer);
free_table(table);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} else {
return META_COMMAND_UNRECOGNIZED_COMMAND;
}
}
InputBuffer* new_input_buffer(){
InputBuffer* input_buffer=(InputBuffer*)malloc(sizeof(InputBuffer));
input_buffer->buffer=NULL;
input_buffer->buffer_length=0;
input_buffer->input_length=0;
return input_buffer;
}
void* row_slot(Table* table, uint32_t row_num) {
uint32_t page_num = row_num / ROWS_PER_PAGE;
void* page = table->pages[page_num];
if (page == NULL) {
// Allocate memory only when we try to access page
page = table->pages[page_num] = malloc(PAGE_SIZE);
}
uint32_t row_offset = row_num % ROWS_PER_PAGE;
uint32_t byte_offset = row_offset * ROW_SIZE;
return page + byte_offset;
}
void serialize_row(Row* source, void* destination) {
memcpy(destination + ID_OFFSET, &(source->id), ID_SIZE);
memcpy(destination + USERNAME_OFFSET, &(source->username), USERNAME_SIZE);
memcpy(destination + EMAIL_OFFSET, &(source->email), EMAIL_SIZE);
}
void deserialize_row(void* source, Row* destination) {
memcpy(&(destination->id), source + ID_OFFSET, ID_SIZE);
memcpy(&(destination->username), source + USERNAME_OFFSET, USERNAME_SIZE);
memcpy(&(destination->email), source + EMAIL_OFFSET, EMAIL_SIZE);
}
PrepareResult prepare_statement(InputBuffer* input_buffer,Statement* statement) {
if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "insert",6) == 0) {
statement->type = STATEMENT_INSERT;
int args_assigned = sscanf(
input_buffer->buffer, "insert %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_insert.id),statement->row_to_insert.username, statement->row_to_insert.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if (strncmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select",6) == 0){
if (strcmp(input_buffer->buffer, "select") == 0) {
statement->row_to_select=ALL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select id")==0) {
statement->row_to_select=ID;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select username")==0){
statement->row_to_select=USERNAME;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else if(strcmp(input_buffer->buffer,"select email")==0){
statement->row_to_select=EMAIL;
statement->type = STATEMENT_SELECT;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
else if(strncmp(input_buffer->buffer,"delete",6)==0){
statement->type = STATEMENT_DELETE;
int args_assigned = sscanf(
input_buffer->buffer, "delete %d %s %s", &(statement->row_to_delete.id),statement->row_to_delete.username, statement->row_to_delete.email);
if (args_assigned != 3) {
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
if(strncmp(input_buffer->buffer,"update",6)==0){
int args=sscanf(input_buffer->buffer,"update %d %s %s %d %s %s ",&(statement->row_to_update_old.id),statement->row_to_update_old.username,
statement->row_to_update_old.email,&(statement->row_to_update_new.id),statement->row_to_update_new.username,statement->row_to_update_new.email);
if (args!=6){
return PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR;
}
statement->type = STATEMENT_UPDATE;
return PREPARE_SUCCESS;
}
else return PREPARE_UNRECOGNIZED_STATEMENT;
}
ExecuteResult execute_insert(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
if (table->num_rows >= TABLE_MAX_ROWS) {
return EXECUTE_TABLE_FULL;
}
Row* row_to_insert = &(statement->row_to_insert);
serialize_row(row_to_insert, row_slot(table, table->num_rows));
table->num_rows += 1;
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
}
ExecuteResult execute_select(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
Row row;
if(statement->row_to_select==ID){
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < table->num_rows; i++) {
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
printf("(%d)\n", row.id);
}
}
if(statement->row_to_select==USERNAME){
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < table->num_rows; i++) {
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
printf("(%s)\n", row.username);
}
}
if(statement->row_to_select==EMAIL){
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < table->num_rows; i++) {
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
printf("(%s)\n", row.email);
}
}
if(statement->row_to_select==ALL){
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < table->num_rows; i++) {
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
printf("(%d, %s, %s)\n", row.id, row.username, row.email);
}
}
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
}
ExecuteResult execute_delete(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
Row row;
bool flag=false;
Row* row_to_delete = &(statement->row_to_delete);
uint32_t j;
for(uint32_t i=0;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
if(statement->row_to_delete.id==row.id && strcmp(statement->row_to_delete.username,row.username )==0&&strcmp(statement->row_to_delete.email,row.email)==0)
{ flag=true;
j=i;
break;
}
}
for(uint32_t i=j+1;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
serialize_row(&row,row_slot(table,i-1));
}
table->num_rows -= 1;
if(flag==true)
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
else return EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND;
}
ExecuteResult execute_update(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
Row row;
bool flag=false;
for(uint32_t i=0;i<table->num_rows;i++){
deserialize_row(row_slot(table, i), &row);
if(statement->row_to_update_old.id==row.id && strcmp(statement->row_to_update_old.username,row.username )==0&&strcmp(statement->row_to_update_old.email,row.email)==0)
{ flag=true;
row.id=statement->row_to_update_new.id;
strcpy(row.username,statement->row_to_update_new.username);
strcpy(row.email,statement->row_to_update_new.email);
}
serialize_row(&row,row_slot(table,i));
}
if(flag==false){
return EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND;
}
return EXECUTE_SUCCESS;
}
ExecuteResult execute_statement(Statement* statement, Table* table) {
switch (statement->type) {
case (STATEMENT_INSERT):
return execute_insert(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_SELECT):
return execute_select(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_DELETE):
return execute_delete(statement, table);
case (STATEMENT_UPDATE):
return execute_update(statement, table);
}
}
Table* new_table() {
Table* table = (Table*)malloc(sizeof(Table));
table->num_rows = 0;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < TABLE_MAX_PAGES; i++) {
table->pages[i] = NULL;
}
return table;
}
void free_table(Table* table) {
for (int i = 0; table->pages[i]; i++) {
free(table->pages[i]);
}
free(table);
}
void print_prompt() { printf("sqlite> "); }
void read_input(InputBuffer* input_buffer){
ssize_t bytes_read=getline(&(input_buffer->buffer), &(input_buffer->buffer_length), stdin);
if(bytes_read<=0){
printf("Error: Wrong reading input.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
input_buffer->input_length=bytes_read-1;
input_buffer->buffer[bytes_read -1 ]=0;
}
void close_input_buffer(InputBuffer* input_buffer){
free(input_buffer->buffer);
free(input_buffer);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
Table* table=new_table();
InputBuffer* input_buffer = new_input_buffer();
while (true) {
print_prompt();
read_input(input_buffer);
if (input_buffer->buffer[0] == '.') {
switch (do_meta_command(input_buffer,table)) {
case (META_COMMAND_SUCCESS):
continue;
case (META_COMMAND_UNRECOGNIZED_COMMAND):
printf("Error: Unrecognized command '%s'.\n", input_buffer->buffer);
continue;
}
}
Statement statement;
switch (prepare_statement(input_buffer, &statement)) {
case (PREPARE_SUCCESS):
break;
case (PREPARE_SYNTAX_ERROR):
printf("Error: Syntax error.\n");
continue;
case (PREPARE_UNRECOGNIZED_STATEMENT):
printf("Error: Unrecognized keyword at start of '%s'.\n",input_buffer->buffer);
continue;
}
switch (execute_statement(&statement, table)) {
case (EXECUTE_SUCCESS):
printf("Executed.\n");
break;
case (EXECUTE_NOT_FOUND):
printf("Error: Not found.\n");
break;
case (EXECUTE_TABLE_FULL):
printf("Error: Table full.\n");
break;
}
}
}
这是虚拟机里运行情况
以上就是所有内容了,我们已经实现了增删改查四个基础功能,它项目里都没有这么多功能,感觉有收获的可以点个赞哦!