后台服务

---

后台服务

---

1.PollService.java
package com.bignerdranch.android.photogallery;

import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationManagerCompat;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class PollService extends IntentService {
private static final String TAG = “PollService”;
//Set interval to 1 minute
private static final long POLL_INTERVAL_MS = TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(15);

public static Intent newIntent(Context context) {
    return new Intent(context, PollService.class);
}
public PollService() {
    super(TAG);
}


public static void setServiceAlarm(Context context, boolean isOn) {
    Intent i = PollService.newIntent(context);
    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(
            context, 0, i, 0);

    AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager)
            context.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);

    if (isOn) {
        alarmManager.setRepeating(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME,
                SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), POLL_INTERVAL_MS, pi);
    } else {
        alarmManager.cancel(pi);
        pi.cancel();
    }
}

public static boolean isServiceAlarmOn(Context context) {
    Intent i = PollService.newIntent(context);
    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent
            .getService(context, 0, i, PendingIntent.FLAG_NO_CREATE);
    return pi != null;
}


@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {

    if (!isNetworkAvailableAndConnected()) {
        return;
    }

    String query = QueryPreferences.getStoredQuery(this);
    String lastResultId = QueryPreferences.getLastResultId(this);
    List<GalleryItem> items;

    if (query == null) {
        items = new FlickrFetchr().fetchRecentPhotos();
    } else {
        items = new FlickrFetchr().searchPhotos(query);
    }

    if (items.size() == 0) {
        return;
    }

    String resultId = items.get(0).getId();
    if (resultId.equals(lastResultId)) {
        Log.i(TAG, "Got an old result: " + resultId);
    } else {
        Log.i(TAG, "Got a new result: " + resultId);

        Resources resources = getResources();
        Intent i = PhotoGalleryActivity.newIntent(this);
        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent
                .getActivity(this, 0, i, 0);

        Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                .setTicker(resources.getString(R.string.new_pictures_title))
                .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_menu_report_image)
                .setContentTitle(resources.getString(R.string.new_pictures_title))
                .setContentText(resources.getString(R.string.new_pictures_text))
                .setContentIntent(pi)
                .setAutoCancel(true)
                .build();

        NotificationManagerCompat notificationManager = 
                NotificationManagerCompat.from(this);
        notificationManager.notify(0, notification);
    }

    QueryPreferences.setLastResultId(this, resultId);
}

private boolean isNetworkAvailableAndConnected() {
    ConnectivityManager cm =
            (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

    boolean isNetworkAvailable = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo() != null;
    boolean isNetworkConnected = isNetworkAvailable &&
            cm.getActiveNetworkInfo().isConnected();

    return isNetworkConnected;
}

}

2.FlickrFetchr.java
package com.bignerdranch.android.photogallery;

import android.net.Uri;
import android.util.Log;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class FlickrFetchr {
private static final String TAG = “FlickrFetchr”;

private static final String API_KEY = "7e5163077c561f346a16e89d6c4252de";
private static final String FETCH_RECENTS_METHOD = "flickr.photos.getRecent";
private static final String SEARCH_METHOD = "flickr.photos.search";
private static final Uri ENDPOINT = Uri
        .parse("https://api.flickr.com/services/rest/")
        .buildUpon()
        .appendQueryParameter("api_key", API_KEY)
        .appendQueryParameter("format", "json")
        .appendQueryParameter("nojsoncallback", "1")
        .appendQueryParameter("extras", "url_s")
        .build();

public byte[] getUrlBytes(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
    URL url = new URL(urlSpec);
    HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
    try {
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
        if (connection.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            throw new IOException(connection.getResponseMessage() +
                    ": with " +
                    urlSpec);
        }
        int bytesRead = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
            out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        out.close();
        return out.toByteArray();
    } finally {
        connection.disconnect();
    }
}

public String getUrlString(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
    return new String(getUrlBytes(urlSpec));
}

public List<GalleryItem> fetchRecentPhotos() {
    String url = buildUrl(FETCH_RECENTS_METHOD, null);
    return downloadGalleryItems(url);
}

public List<GalleryItem> searchPhotos(String query) {
    String url = buildUrl(SEARCH_METHOD, query);
    return downloadGalleryItems(url);
}

private List<GalleryItem> downloadGalleryItems(String url) {
    List<GalleryItem> items = new ArrayList<>();

    try {
        String jsonString = getUrlString(url);
        Log.i(TAG, "Received JSON: " + jsonString);
        JSONObject jsonBody = new JSONObject(jsonString);
        parseItems(items, jsonBody);
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to fetch items", ioe);
    } catch (JSONException je) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to parse JSON", je);
    }

    return items;
}

private String buildUrl(String method, String query) {
    Uri.Builder uriBuilder = ENDPOINT.buildUpon()
            .appendQueryParameter("method", method);

    if (method.equals(SEARCH_METHOD)) {
        uriBuilder.appendQueryParameter("text", query);
    }

    return uriBuilder.build().toString();
}

private void parseItems(List<GalleryItem> items, JSONObject jsonBody)
        throws IOException, JSONException {

    JSONObject photosJsonObject = jsonBody.getJSONObject("photos");
    JSONArray photoJsonArray = photosJsonObject.getJSONArray("photo");

    for (int i = 0; i < photoJsonArray.length(); i++) {
        JSONObject photoJsonObject = photoJsonArray.getJSONObject(i);

        GalleryItem item = new GalleryItem();
        item.setId(photoJsonObject.getString("id"));
        item.setCaption(photoJsonObject.getString("title"));
        
        if (!photoJsonObject.has("url_s")) {
            continue;
        }
        
        item.setUrl(photoJsonObject.getString("url_s"));
        items.add(item);
    }
}

}

3.Fragement_photo_gallery.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<item android:id="@+id/menu_item_search"
      android:title="@string/search"
      app:actionViewClass="android.support.v7.widget.SearchView"
      app:showAsAction="ifRoom" />

<item android:id="@+id/menu_item_clear"
      android:title="@string/clear_search"
      app:showAsAction="never" />

<item android:id="@+id/menu_item_toggle_polling"
      android:title="@string/start_polling"
      app:showAsAction="ifRoom" />

4.string.xml

PhotoGallery
Search
Clear Search
Start polling
Stop polling
New PhotoGallery Pictures
You have new pictures in PhotoGallery.

5.PhtoGalleryActivity.java

package com.bignerdranch.android.photogallery;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;

public class PhotoGalleryActivity extends SingleFragmentActivity {

public static Intent newIntent(Context context) {
    return new Intent(context, PhotoGalleryActivity.class);
}

@Override
protected Fragment createFragment() {
    return PhotoGalleryFragment.newInstance();
}

}

6.PhotoGalleryFragement.java
package com.bignerdranch.android.photogallery;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.SearchView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class PhotoGalleryFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String TAG = “PhotoGalleryFragment”;

private RecyclerView mPhotoRecyclerView;
private List<GalleryItem> mItems = new ArrayList<>();
private ThumbnailDownloader<PhotoHolder> mThumbnailDownloader;

public static PhotoGalleryFragment newInstance() {
    return new PhotoGalleryFragment();
}

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setRetainInstance(true);
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);

    updateItems();

    Handler responseHandler = new Handler();
    mThumbnailDownloader = new ThumbnailDownloader<>(responseHandler);
    mThumbnailDownloader.setThumbnailDownloadListener(
        new ThumbnailDownloader.ThumbnailDownloadListener<PhotoHolder>() {
            @Override
            public void onThumbnailDownloaded(PhotoHolder photoHolder, Bitmap bitmap) {
                Drawable drawable = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), bitmap);
                photoHolder.bindDrawable(drawable);
            }
        }
    );
    mThumbnailDownloader.start();
    mThumbnailDownloader.getLooper();
    Log.i(TAG, "Background thread started");
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_photo_gallery, container, false);

    mPhotoRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) v.findViewById(R.id.photo_recycler_view);
    mPhotoRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(getActivity(), 3));

    setupAdapter();

    return v;
}

@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
    super.onDestroyView();
    mThumbnailDownloader.clearQueue();
}

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    mThumbnailDownloader.quit();
    Log.i(TAG, "Background thread destroyed");
}

@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater menuInflater) {
    super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, menuInflater);
    menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.fragment_photo_gallery, menu);

    MenuItem searchItem = menu.findItem(R.id.menu_item_search);
    final SearchView searchView = (SearchView) searchItem.getActionView();

        searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(new SearchView.OnQueryTextListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(String s) {
                Log.d(TAG, "QueryTextSubmit: " + s);
                QueryPreferences.setStoredQuery(getActivity(), s);
                updateItems();
                return true;
            }

            @Override
            public boolean onQueryTextChange(String s) {
                Log.d(TAG, "QueryTextChange: " + s);
                return false;
            }
        });

    searchView.setOnSearchClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            String query = QueryPreferences.getStoredQuery(getActivity());
            searchView.setQuery(query, false);
        }
    });

    MenuItem toggleItem = menu.findItem(R.id.menu_item_toggle_polling);
    if (PollService.isServiceAlarmOn(getActivity())) {
        toggleItem.setTitle(R.string.stop_polling);
    } else {
        toggleItem.setTitle(R.string.start_polling);
    }
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.menu_item_clear:
            QueryPreferences.setStoredQuery(getActivity(), null);
            updateItems();
            return true;
        case R.id.menu_item_toggle_polling:
            boolean shouldStartAlarm = !PollService.isServiceAlarmOn(getActivity());
            PollService.setServiceAlarm(getActivity(), shouldStartAlarm);
            getActivity().invalidateOptionsMenu();
            return true;
        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

private void updateItems() {
    String query = QueryPreferences.getStoredQuery(getActivity());
    new FetchItemsTask(query).execute();
}

private void setupAdapter() {
    if (isAdded()) {
        mPhotoRecyclerView.setAdapter(new PhotoAdapter(mItems));
    }
}

private class PhotoHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    private ImageView mItemImageView;

    public PhotoHolder(View itemView) {
        super(itemView);

        mItemImageView = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_image_view);
    }

    public void bindDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
        mItemImageView.setImageDrawable(drawable);
    }
}

private class PhotoAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<PhotoHolder> {

    private List<GalleryItem> mGalleryItems;

    public PhotoAdapter(List<GalleryItem> galleryItems) {
        mGalleryItems = galleryItems;
    }

    @Override
    public PhotoHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int viewType) {
        LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(getActivity());
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_gallery, viewGroup, false);
        return new PhotoHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(PhotoHolder photoHolder, int position) {
        GalleryItem galleryItem = mGalleryItems.get(position);
        Drawable placeholder = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bill_up_close);
        photoHolder.bindDrawable(placeholder);
        mThumbnailDownloader.queueThumbnail(photoHolder, galleryItem.getUrl());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mGalleryItems.size();
    }
}

private class FetchItemsTask extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,List<GalleryItem>> {
    private String mQuery;

    public FetchItemsTask(String query) {
        mQuery = query;
    }

    @Override
    protected List<GalleryItem> doInBackground(Void... params) {

        if (mQuery == null) {
            return new FlickrFetchr().fetchRecentPhotos();
        } else {
            return new FlickrFetchr().searchPhotos(mQuery);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(List<GalleryItem> items) {
        mItems = items;
        setupAdapter();
    }

}

}

7.AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    <activity android:name=".PhotoGalleryActivity">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <service android:name=".PollService" />
</application>

8.

注意：详细步骤请查看书本上面，因本人软件只能做到此步，若需要其他的步骤请自行解决哦。代码下面截图里面的程序是接着程序走的，只是不知道为什么编辑博客时是代码发出来代码部分变成了图片的样子但是没关系都是从那个位置连接往下的。