numpy基础练习

10道numpy练习题

导入相关库

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from pandas import Series,DataFrame
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
%matplotlib inline

1、创建一个长度为10的一维全为0的ndarray对象，然后让第5个元素等于1

s1=np.zeros(shape=10)
s1[4]=1
s1

array([0., 0., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.])

2、创建一个元素为从10到49的ndarray对象

a=np.arange(10,50)
a

array([10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26,
       27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43,
       44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49])

3、将第2题的所有元素位置反转

a[::-1]

array([49, 48, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, 38, 37, 36, 35, 34, 33,
       32, 31, 30, 29, 28, 27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16,
       15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10])

4、使用np.random.random创建一个10*10的ndarray对象，并打印出最大最小元素

a4=np.random.random(size=(10,10))
a4

array([[0.63608138, 0.8703843 , 0.82927002, 0.14332637, 0.28179683,
        0.05328882, 0.59934698, 0.30226559, 0.79040768, 0.33678025],
       [0.17225144, 0.73290557, 0.09521554, 0.57432315, 0.14666323,
        0.90349124, 0.84862075, 0.18668117, 0.5611663 , 0.31720321],
       [0.93244247, 0.12933431, 0.3821767 , 0.07605885, 0.72894208,
        0.12826146, 0.01857141, 0.73384976, 0.52111772, 0.66629845],
       [0.41900082, 0.00972746, 0.37705011, 0.45183342, 0.78942404,
        0.20614969, 0.72096089, 0.29801699, 0.98566501, 0.69204734],
       [0.71359142, 0.12839176, 0.24714057, 0.01127062, 0.95868589,
        0.00125053, 0.82275878, 0.91791597, 0.16823268, 0.98480915],
       [0.06257263, 0.43786902, 0.09402993, 0.01439648, 0.56451624,
        0.69918841, 0.75174126, 0.91292163, 0.89573275, 0.77146426],
       [0.02895765, 0.19851769, 0.28963204, 0.77540277, 0.89243123,
        0.13448186, 0.40515985, 0.44136095, 0.10545047, 0.23111201],
       [0.4739347 , 0.97842197, 0.10331755, 0.44685197, 0.9112558 ,
        0.56769973, 0.89934064, 0.38677289, 0.68001136, 0.00547094],
       [0.98769248, 0.32163025, 0.04157509, 0.45654179, 0.67683493,
        0.26414036, 0.3353933 , 0.35998095, 0.07503577, 0.46785704],
       [0.0601489 , 0.34874263, 0.82676758, 0.7081031 , 0.93907723,
        0.45275705, 0.08144091, 0.95527085, 0.72842101, 0.26077336]])

zmin,zmax=a4.min(),a4.max()
zmin,zmax

(0.0012505310439516748, 0.9876924843768792)

5、创建一个10*10的ndarray对象，且矩阵边界全为1，里面全为0

x=np.ones([2,3],dtype = int)
x

array([[1, 1, 1],
       [1, 1, 1]])

nd=np.zeros(shape = (10,10))
nd[[0,9]]=1
nd[:,[0,9]]=1
nd

array([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.],
       [1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]])

6、创建一个每一行都是从0到4的5*5矩阵

arr = [0,1,2,3,4]
nd= np.array(arr*5)
nd.reshape(5,5)

array([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [0, 1, 2, 3, 4],
       [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]])

7、创建一个范围在(0,1)之间的长度为12的等差数列

np.linspace(0,1,12)

array([0.        , 0.09090909, 0.18181818, 0.27272727, 0.36363636,
       0.45454545, 0.54545455, 0.63636364, 0.72727273, 0.81818182,
       0.90909091, 1.        ])

8、创建一个长度为10的随机数组并排序

a=np.random.random(10)
np.sort(a)

array([0.15915969, 0.28512151, 0.45348959, 0.54258381, 0.71467532,
       0.71716631, 0.89789373, 0.91088578, 0.92363071, 0.96634431])

9、创建一个长度为10的随机数组并将最大值替换为-100

nd=np.random.randint(0,10,size=10)
nd

array([5, 2, 8, 2, 5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 9])

nd_max=nd.argmax()
nd[nd_max]
arr=np.argwhere(nd==nd[nd_max]).reshape(-1)
nd[arr]=-100
nd

array([   5,    2,    8,    2,    5,    0,    6,    1,    3, -100])

10、如何根据第3列来对一个5*5矩阵排序？

nd=np.random.randint(0,100,size=(5,5))
nd

array([[ 4, 25, 64, 60, 55],
       [91, 16, 18, 88, 95],
       [62, 11,  9, 16, 39],
       [ 4, 29, 84, 76, 96],
       [69, 63, 19, 61,  6]])

nd[:,2]

array([11, 24, 12, 57, 61])

np.argsort(nd[:,2])

array([0, 2, 1, 3, 4], dtype=int64)

nd[np.argsort(nd[:,2])]

array([[58, 48, 11, 95, 64],
       [91, 59, 12, 85,  8],
       [ 1, 55, 24, 64, 91],
       [86,  3, 57, 73, 90],
       [81, 70, 61,  4, 42]])