Flink CDC整理

趁.

已于 2023-11-04 09:42:53 修改

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文章标签： flink 大数据

于 2023-10-25 18:55:33 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51698042/article/details/134041335

版权

一、CDC简介

CDC(Change Data Capture，变更数据获取)

核心思想：监测并捕获数据库的变动（包括数据或表的增删改），将变动按顺序记录下来

种类：

社区开源地址：https://github.com/ververica/flink-cdc-connectors

二、实操

1）开启MySQL Binlog并重启MySQL

sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

查看默认存储位置binlog日志（根据配置以mysql-bin开头）

切换到root用户：su -

cd /var/lib/mysql

注意binlog监控的数据库binlog-do-db 如有改动my.cnf 需重启数据库

systemctl restart mysqld

切回普通用户 exit

2）编写代码并打包到集群运行

在pom.xml中导入依赖

注意版本与flink对应版本是否支持，查看官网：

Overview — CDC Connectors for Apache Flink® documentation (ververica.github.io)

<!--这里flink用的是1.17.0版本-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.ververica</groupId>
    <artifactId>flink-connector-mysql-cdc</artifactId>
    <version>2.4.0</version>
</dependency>

package com.atguigu.flinkcdc;

import com.ververica.cdc.connectors.mysql.source.MySqlSource;
import com.ververica.cdc.connectors.mysql.table.StartupOptions;
import com.ververica.cdc.debezium.JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.CheckpointConfig;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;

/**
 * ClassName: CDC_Test
 * Package: com.atguigu.flinkcdc
 * Description:
 *
 * @Author Wish
 * @Create 2023/10/25 16:47
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class CDC_Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //todo 1.获取执行环境
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        env.setParallelism(1);

        //开启checkpoint
        env.enableCheckpointing(5000L);
        CheckpointConfig checkpointConfig = env.getCheckpointConfig();
        checkpointConfig.setCheckpointStorage("hdfs://hadoop102:8020/flinkcdc/checkpoint");

        //todo 2.创建MySQLsource
        MySqlSource<String> mySqlSource = MySqlSource.<String>builder()
                .hostname("hadoop102")
                .port(3306)
                .databaseList("gmall")  //不写表则可以监控所有库 vim /etc/my.cnf
                .tableList("gmall.base_trademark")  //必须加库名  不写表则可以监控库中所有表
                .username("root")
                .password("000000")
                .deserializer(new JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema())
                .startupOptions(StartupOptions.initial())
                //.startupOptions(StartupOptions.latest())
                .build();

        //todo 3.读取MySQL变化数据 并打印
        env.fromSource(mySqlSource, WatermarkStrategy.noWatermarks(), "mysql-source").print();

        //todo 4.启动任务 设置任务名 在flink页面中显示
        env.execute("CDC_Test");
    }
}

Lifecycle-->package-->将jar包拖至虚拟机flink目录下-->运行

打包Java代码上传到集群运行时

bin/flink run -t yarn-per-job -c com.atguigu.flinkcdc.CDC_Test ./Flink-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

三、问题

错误一：

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/ververica/cdc/debezium/DebeziumDeserializationSchema
   at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
   at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
   at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
   at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
   at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
   at org.apache.flink.client.program.PackagedProgram.hasMainMethod(PackagedProgram.java:307)
   ... 14 more

原因：

打包时未添加打包插件

解决：

在pom.xml中添加

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.4</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <artifactSet>
                                <excludes>
                                    <exclude>com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305</exclude>
                                    <exclude>org.slf4j:*</exclude>
                                    <exclude>log4j:*</exclude>
                                </excludes>
                            </artifactSet>
                            <filters>
                                <filter>
                                    <!-- Do not copy the signatures in the META-INF folder.
                                    Otherwise, this might cause SecurityExceptions when using the JAR. -->
                                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                    <excludes>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                                    </excludes>
                                </filter>
                            </filters>
                            <transformers combine.children="append">
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer">
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

重新打包上传运行

错误二：

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=root, access=WRITE, inode="/user":atguigu:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException): Permission denied: user=root, access=WRITE, inode="/user":atguigu:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x

原因：

用户（user=root）在Hadoop分布式文件系统（HDFS）上尝试进行写操作（access=WRITE），但由于权限问题被拒绝（Permission denied）所引发的。错误消息表明用户 root 尝试在HDFS上的根目录 /user 进行写操作，但未获得足够的权限。

查看MySQL配置后未切换用户

解决方案：

切回普通用户

su atguigu

bin/flink run -t yarn-per-job -c com.atguigu.flinkcdc.CDC_Test ./Flink-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar