文章目录
OSPF
1.区域类型
普通区域
缺省情况下,OSPF区域被定义为普通区域。普通区域包括标准区域和骨干区域
Stub区域
禁止4、5类LSA泛洪,允许骨干区域进入的3类LSA,同时ABR会自动下发3类LSA的缺省路由
Totally Stub区域
禁止3、4、5类LSA泛洪,同时ABR会自动下发3类LSA的缺省路由
NSSA
NSSA禁止从骨干区域进入的4、5类LSA,但是允许本地区域注入AS外部路由,这些外部路由以7类LSA在NSSA内泛洪。NSSA ABR下发一条7类的缺省路由
Totally NSSA
在NSSA的基础上,禁止从骨干区域进入到3类LSA,同时NSSA ABR下发一条3类的缺省路由
2.特殊区域及LSA泛洪
1&2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area 0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Non-area 0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Stub Area | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
Totally Stub Area | Yes | No* | No | No | No |
Not-so-stubby Area | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Totally Not-so-stubby Area | Yes | No* | No | No | Yes |
实验
OSPF+虚连接+特殊区域
实验要求:1、按图配置ospf区域
2、area1配置成stub区域,area3配置nssa区域
3、R6配置静默接口,R7做路由汇总
4、全网互通
(1)R1配置
<R1>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R1
#
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0.0.0.1
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
stub
#
wlan ac
#
return
(2)R2配置
<R2>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R2
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 23.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 27.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
area 0.0.0.1
network 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
stub
area 0.0.0.4
abr-summary 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0
network 27.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
#
wlan ac
#
return
<R2>
(3)R3配置
<R3>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R3
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 23.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
area 0.0.0.2
network 34.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
vlink-peer 4.4.4.4
return
<R3>
(4)R4配置
<R4>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R4
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 34.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 45.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.2
network 34.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
vlink-peer 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.3
network 45.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
nssa
#
wlan ac
#
return
<R4>
(5)R5配置
<R4>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R4
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 34.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 45.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.2
network 34.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
vlink-peer 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.3
network 45.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
nssa
#
wlan ac
#
return
<R4>
(6)R6配置
<R6>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R6
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 56.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 100.0.0.254 255.255.255.0
#
#
rip 1
version 2
network 56.0.0.0
network 100.0.0.0
silent-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
wlan ac
#
return
<R6>
(7)R7配置
<R7>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R7
#
undo info-center enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 27.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack2
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack3
ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack4
ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack5
ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack6
ip address 192.168.7.1 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
area 0.0.0.4
network 27.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
#
wlan ac
#
return
<R7>
(8)检验
①area1配置成stub(查看lsdb没有4类5类7类LSA,有一条ABR下发的3类缺省路由)
<R1>dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 620 36 8000000B 1
Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 617 48 80000018 1
Network 12.0.0.1 1.1.1.1 617 32 80000005 0
Sum-Net 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 627 28 80000004 1
Sum-Net 23.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 627 28 80000004 1
Sum-Net 34.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 627 28 80000004 2
Sum-Net 45.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 627 28 80000004 3
Sum-Net 27.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 627 28 80000004 1
Sum-Net 192.168.0.0 2.2.2.2 388 28 80000004 1
<R1>dis ip ro
②area3配置nssa区域(没有4类5类路由,有一条7类的缺省路由)
<R5>dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.3
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 4.4.4.4 4.4.4.4 212 36 80000009 1
Router 5.5.5.5 5.5.5.5 201 36 80000009 1
Network 45.0.0.2 5.5.5.5 201 32 80000006 0
Sum-Net 23.0.0.0 4.4.4.4 272 28 80000005 2
Sum-Net 34.0.0.0 4.4.4.4 272 28 80000005 1
Sum-Net 1.1.1.1 4.4.4.4 740 28 80000004 3
Sum-Net 27.0.0.0 4.4.4.4 272 28 80000005 3
Sum-Net 192.168.0.0 4.4.4.4 509 28 80000004 3
Sum-Net 12.0.0.0 4.4.4.4 747 28 80000005 3
NSSA 56.0.0.0 5.5.5.5 250 36 80000005 1
NSSA 100.0.0.0 5.5.5.5 137 36 80000005 1
NSSA 0.0.0.0 4.4.4.4 272 36 80000005 1
<R5>
③R7做路由汇总(汇总成192.168.0.0/16)
<R1>dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
27.0.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/16 OSPF 10 2 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
<R1>
④全网互通