蓝桥杯嵌入式KEY配置（中断、扫描）

按键–在众多外设中也是仅此于led的最基本的、简单的外设。
在本文介绍两种方法进行按键的驱动（中断、循环扫描）。
对于中断不懂的可以看下我另外一篇文章：STM32中断
蓝桥杯嵌入式的板子里面有四个按键，在原理图上我们可以看出当GPIO输入为低电平时导通。连接的IO口为PA0、PA8、PB1、PB2四个口。


1、循环扫描
key.c

#include "key.h"
#include "lcd.h"

void key_init(void)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_8;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStruct);
	
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_1;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStruct);	
  
  
}

unsigned char key_scanf(void)
{
  unsigned char key_but=0;
	if(key0==0||key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
	{
		Delay_LCD(100);
	  if(key0==0) key_but=1;
		if(key1==0) key_but=2;
		if(key2==0) key_but=3;
		if(key3==0) key_but=4;
	}
	return key_but;
}

key.h

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define key0 GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_0)
#define key1 GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_8)
#define key2 GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1)
#define key3 GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_2)

void key_init(void);

unsigned char key_scanf(void);

在key_scanf（）函数上我们可以看出当检测到第一个按键按下的时候，函数返回1；检测到第二个按键按下的时候，函数返回2，以此类推。
因此我们用扫描的方法的时候，我们要一个中间存储按键的值进行操作。例如：

unsigned char key_val;
int main(void)
{
  key_init();
  ....
  while(1)
  {
    key_val=key_scanf();
    if(key_val==1)   //检测到第一个按键按下
    {
    .........  //要执行的操作
    }
    if（key_Val==2）  //第二个按键按下
    {
     .........
   }
   ...........
  }
}

2、中断

#include "key.h"
#include "lcd.h"

void key_Init()
{
	EXTI_InitTypeDef   EXTI_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitTypeDef   GPIO_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef   NVIC_InitStructure;
	
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
    
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8|GPIO_Pin_0;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_2;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource0);  
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Rising;  
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
    EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
	
	
	GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource8);
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line8;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Rising;  
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
	EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
	
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI9_5_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
		
	GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1);
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line1;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Rising;  
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
	EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
	
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
		
	GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource2);
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line2;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Rising;  
    EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
	EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
	
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI2_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
	Delay_LCD(100);
  if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) != RESET)
  {

    EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);
  }
}

void EXTI9_5_IRQHandler(void)
{
	Delay_LCD(100);
  if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line8) != RESET)
  {

    EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line8);
  }
}

void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	Delay_LCD(100);
  if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) != RESET)
  {
		
    EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);
  }
}

void EXTI2_IRQHandler(void)
{
	Delay_LCD(100);
  if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line2) != RESET)
  {

    EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line2);
  }
}

在中断上，我们就没有扫描这个环节，我们可以直接在中断里面执行按键的操作。但我们使能中断后要对按键进行操作的时候要加上中断服务函数，并且中断服务函数不能写错，不然会执行不了中断。虽然编译时没问题的，但就是执行不了中断。

例：

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
	Delay_LCD(100);
  if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) != RESET)
  {
   ..........   //这里编写第一个按键按下要进行的操作
    EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);
  }
}