B - Drying （二分法）

It is very hard to wash and especially to dry clothes in winter. But Jane is a very smart girl. She is not afraid of this boring process. Jane has decided to use a radiator to make drying faster. But the radiator is small, so it can hold only one thing at a time.

Jane wants to perform drying in the minimal possible time. She asked you to write a program that will calculate the minimal time for a given set of clothes.

There are n clothes Jane has just washed. Each of them took ai water during washing. Every minute the amount of water contained in each thing decreases by one (of course, only if the thing is not completely dry yet). When amount of water contained becomes zero the cloth becomes dry and is ready to be packed.

Every minute Jane can select one thing to dry on the radiator. The radiator is very hot, so the amount of water in this thing decreases by k this minute (but not less than zero — if the thing contains less than k water, the resulting amount of water will be zero).

The task is to minimize the total time of drying by means of using the radiator effectively. The drying process ends when all the clothes are dry.

Input
The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100 000). The second line contains ai separated by spaces (1 ≤ ai ≤ 109). The third line contains k (1 ≤ k ≤ 109).

Output
Output a single integer — the minimal possible number of minutes required to dry all clothes.

Sample Input
sample input #1
3
2 3 9
5

sample input #2
3
2 3 6
5

Sample Output
sample output #1
3

sample output #2
2

题目大意：
衣服每单位时间蒸发一点水分，电吹风每单位时间蒸发k点水分，问至少多少分钟能蒸干所有衣服。

解题思路：
二分枚举答案，若枚举时间为t1，一件衣服自然蒸干的时间为t2,若t2>t1,则需要用电吹风加快蒸发，需要用(t2-t1)/(k-1)时间吹干，若用电吹风的时间超过t1,则t1时间内不能把所有衣服蒸干，说明答案应该更大，l=m+1,否则应该更小，r=m

完整代码：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
	int n,n2;
	int a[100010];
	int ma=0;
	cin>>n;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cin>>a[i];
		ma=max(ma,a[i]);
	}
	cin>>n2;
	if(n2==1){
		cout<<ma<<endl;
		return 0;
	}
	int l=0,r=ma,m;
	while(r>l){
		m=(r+l)/2;
		long long sum=0;
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if(a[i]>m){
				sum+=(a[i]-m)/(n2-1)+((a[i]-m)%(n2-1)!=0);
			}
		}
		if(sum>m){
			l=m+1;
		}else{
			r=m;
		}
	}
	cout<<l;
}