C++day6

创建任意数据类型的栈

代码

#include <iostream>
#define MAX 5
using namespace std;
template<typename T>
class zhan
{
public:
    zhan(T data);       //有参构造
    virtual ~zhan();    //析构函数
    zhan(const zhan &other);//拷贝构造函数
    bool empty();       //判空
    bool full();        //判满
    void init();        //入栈
    void out();         //出栈
    T get_h();        //获取栈顶元素
    void dele();        //清空栈
    long int big();     //栈的大小
private:
    T *data;
    int top;
};
int main()
{
    zhan<int> s0(10);
    zhan<char> s1('a');
    s0.init();
    s0.out();
    cout << "当前栈顶元素：" << s0.get_h() << endl;
    s0.dele();
    s1.init();
    s1.out();
    cout << "当前栈顶元素：" << s1.get_h() << endl;
    s1.dele();
    return 0;
}
template<typename T>      //有参构造
zhan<T>::zhan(T d):data(new T[MAX]),top(0){data[0] = d;}

template<typename T>      //析构函数
zhan<T>::~zhan(){delete []data;}

template<typename T>      //拷贝构造函数
zhan<T>::zhan(const zhan &other):data(new T[other.top+1]),top(other.top)
{
    int i=0;
    while(i <= other.top)
    {
        data[i] = other.data[i];
    }
}
//入栈
template<typename T>
void zhan<T>::init()
{
    char q;
    if(zhan<T>::full())
    {
        cout << "栈已满！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        while(top<MAX-1)
        {
            top++;
            cout << "请输入数据：";
            cin >> data[top];
            while(getchar()!=10);
            cout << "入栈成功！" << endl;
            cout << "是否退出(q)：" << endl;
            cin >> q;
            while(getchar()!=10);
            if(q == 'q')
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
//出栈
template<typename T>
void zhan<T>::out()
{
    if(zhan<T>::empty())
    {
        cout << "栈为空！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "当前栈顶元素：" << data[top] << endl;
        cout << "出栈成功！" << endl;
        top--;
    }
}
//获取栈顶元素
template<typename T>
T zhan<T>::get_h()
{
    return data[top];
}
//判空
template<typename T>
bool zhan<T>::empty()
{
    if(top == -1)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
//判满
template<typename T>
bool zhan<T>::full()
{
    if(top == MAX-1)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
//清空栈
template<typename T>
void zhan<T>::dele()
{
    if(zhan<T>::empty())
    {
        cout << "栈为空！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        top = -1;
        cout << "栈清空成功！" << endl;
    }
}
//栈的大小
template<typename T>
long int zhan<T>::big()
{
    if(zhan<T>::empty())
    {
        cout << "栈为空！" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        return sizeof(data[0])*MAX;
    }
}

运行结果

创建任意数据类型的队列

代码

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#define MAX 5
using namespace std;
template<typename T>
class Stu
{
public:
    //构造函数
    Stu();
    //析构函数
    ~Stu();
    //拷贝构造函数
    Stu(const Stu &other);
    //判空
    bool empty();
    //判满
    bool full();
    //获取队头元素
    T get_head();
    //入队函数
    void init();
    //出队函数
    void out();
    //清空队列
    void dele();
    //求队列大小
    void get_h();
private:
    T *data;
    int head;
    int tall;
};
int main()
{
    Stu<int> s0;
    s0.init();
    s0.out();
    cout << "当前对头元素：" << s0.get_head() << endl;
    s0.dele();
    Stu<char> s1;
    s1.init();
    s1.out();
    cout << "当前对头元素：" << s1.get_head() << endl;
    s1.dele();
    return 0;
}
//构造函数
template<typename T>
Stu<T>::Stu():data(new T[MAX]),head(0),tall(0){}
//析构函数
template<typename T>
Stu<T>::~Stu()
{
    delete []data;
}
//拷贝构造函数
template<typename T>
Stu<T>::Stu(const Stu &other):data(new T[MAX])
{
    int i = head;
    while ((other.tall+1)%MAX != other.head)
    {
        data[i] = other.data[i];
        i = (i+1)%MAX;
    }
}
//判空
template<typename T>
bool Stu<T>::empty()
{
    if(head%MAX == tall%MAX)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
//判满
template<typename T>
bool Stu<T>::full()
{
    if(head%MAX == (tall+1)%MAX)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
//入队函数
template<typename T>
void Stu<T>::init()
{
    char q;
    if(Stu::full())
    {
        cout << "队列已满！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        while((tall+1)%MAX < MAX-1)
        {
            cout << "请输入数据：";
            cin >> data[tall];
            while(getchar()!=10);
            cout << "入队成功！" << endl;
            tall = (tall+1)%MAX;
            cout << "是否退出(q)：" << endl;
            cin >> q;
            while(getchar()!=10);
            if(q == 'q')
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
//出队函数
template<typename T>
void Stu<T>::out()
{
    if(Stu::empty())
    {
        cout << "队列为空！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "当前队头元素：" << get_head() << endl;
        head = (head+1)%MAX;
        cout << "出队成功" << endl;
    }
}
//清空队列
template<typename T>
void Stu<T>::dele()
{
    if(Stu::empty())
    {
        cout << "队列为空！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    else
    {
        head = tall = 0;
    }
}
//求队列大小
template<typename T>
void Stu<T>::get_h()
{
    cout << "当前队列大小：" << sizeof (data[0])*MAX << endl;
}
//获取队头元素
template<typename T>
T Stu<T>::get_head()
{
    if(Stu::empty())
    {
        cout << "队列为空！" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        return data[head];
    }
}

运行结果

思维导图