约 瑟 夫 环

1.题目引入：

Let’s play a stone removing game.

Initially, n stones are arranged on a circle and numbered 1, …, n clockwise (Figure 1). You are also given two numbers kand m. From this state, remove stones one by one following the rules explained below, until only one remains. In step 1, remove stone m. In step 2, locate the k-th next stone clockwise from m and remove it. In subsequent steps, start from the slot of the stone removed in the last step, make k hops clockwise on the remaining stones and remove the one you reach. In other words, skip (k − 1) remaining stones clockwise and remove the next one. Repeat this until only one stone is left and answer its number. For example, the answer for the case n = 8, k = 5, m = 3 is 1, as shown in Figure 1.
Initial state    
Step 1    
Step 2    
Step 3     
Step 4

Step 5    
Step 6    
Step 7    
Final state     
 

Step 1: Stone 3 is removed since m = 3.

Step 2: You start from the slot that was occupied by stone 3. You skip four stones 4, 5, 6 and 7 (since k = 5), and remove the next one, which is 8.

Step 3: You skip stones 1, 2, 4 and 5, and thus remove 6. Note that you only count stones that are still on the circle and ignore those already removed. Stone 3 is ignored in this case.

Steps 4-7: You continue until only one stone is left. Notice that in later steps when only a few stones remain, the same stone may be skipped multiple times. For example, stones 1 and 4 are skipped twice in step 7.

Final State: Finally, only one stone, 1, is on the circle. This is the final state, so the answer is 1.

Input The input consists of multiple datasets each of which is formatted as follows. n k m The last dataset is followed by a line containing three zeros. Numbers in a line are separated by a single space. A dataset satisfies the following conditions.

2 ≤ n ≤ 10000, 1 ≤ k ≤ 10000, 1 ≤ m ≤ n The number of datasets is less than 100.

Output For each dataset, output a line containing the stone number left in the final state. No extra characters such as spaces should appear in the output.

2.样例输出： 

Sample Input

8 5 3

100 9999 98

10000 10000 10000

0 0 0

Sample Output

1

93

2019

 题目要求第一次删除的是 m ，那么我们考虑 -k+1 , 开始数 k 个数，那么第一次删除的就是 0 号元素，而且如果0号元素是 m ，那么f[n]号元素就是 f[n]+m. 故 答案

ans=(m+1-k+f[n])%n;  

具体原理：数论-约瑟夫环_ting9933的博客-CSDN博客

3.代码如下： 

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=10010;
int f[maxn];
int main()
{
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
	int n,k,m,i,j;
	while(cin>>n>>k>>m)
	{
		f[1]=0;
		if(n+m+k==0) break;
		for(i=2;i<n;i++)
		{
			f[i]=(f[i-1]+k)%i;
		}
		f[n]=(f[n-1]+m)%n;
			cout<<f[n]+1<<"\n"; 
	}
	return 0;
}