安卓6.0以上使用ContentResolver对通讯录读取显示以及用XML文件保存

1.界面设计

?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="读取显示" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text=" " />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
            android:text="XML保存" />
    </RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>

2.2.编写SmsInfo类
因为获取到的短信较多，需要使用到 list ，而且每条短信包含的内容较多，如信息内容、时间、类型、发送地址，此时就需要一个类来封装这些信息，这样能够减少代码量，使代码更加容易理解。

class SmsInfo {
    private String address;
    private long date;
    private int type;
    private String body;
    private int id;
    //构造方法
    public SmsInfo(String address, long date, int type, String body){
        this.address=address;
        this.date=date;
        this.type=type;
        this.body=body;
    }
    public SmsInfo(String address, long date, int type, String body, int id){
        this.address=address;
        this.date=date;
        this.type=type;
        this.body=body;
        this.id=id;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address){this.address=address; }
    public String getAddress(){ return address; }
    public void setDate(long date){ this.date=date; }
    public long getDate(){  return date; }
    public void setBody(String body){this.body=body;}
    public String getBody(){ return body;}
    public void setId(int id){ this.id=id;}
    public int getId(){ return id; }
    public void setType(int type){this.type=type;}
    public int getType(){ return type; }
}

3.修改MainActivity代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button button;
    private Button button2;
    private TextView textView;
    private List<SmsInfo> smsInfoList;
    private String text=" ";

    static final String[] PERMISSION=new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
    };

    private void init() {
        button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button2=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
        textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
        smsInfoList=new ArrayList<SmsInfo>();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.layout);
        init();
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) { MyPermission1(); }
        });

        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                MyPermission2();
                try{
                    XmlSerializer serial = Xml.newSerializer();
                    String sd_path=getExternalFilesDir(null).getAbsolutePath();
                    File file = new File(sd_path, "mes.xml");
                    FileOutputStream fi_out = new FileOutputStream(file);

                    serial.setOutput(fi_out, "utf-8");
                    serial.startDocument("utf-8", true);
                    //根结点
                    serial.startTag(null, "smss");
                    for (SmsInfo info : smsInfoList ){
                        serial.startTag(null, "sms");
                        serial.attribute(null, "id", info.getId() + "");

                        serial.startTag(null, "body");
                        serial.text(info.getBody());
                        serial.endTag(null, "body");

                        serial.startTag(null, "address");
                        serial.text(info.getAddress());
                        serial.endTag(null, "address");

                        serial.startTag(null, "type");
                        serial.text(info.getType() + "");
                        serial.endTag(null, "type");

                        serial.startTag(null, "date");
                        serial.text(info.getDate() + "");
                        serial.endTag(null, "date");

                        serial.endTag(null, "sms");
                    }
                    serial.endTag(null, "smss");
                    serial.endDocument();
                    fi_out.close();
                    textView.setText(textView.getText()+"\n"+"短信备份成功");
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    textView.setText(textView.getText()+"\n"+"短信备份失败");
                }
            }
        });
    }
//读取权限
    public void MyPermission1() {
        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.READ_SMS)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS},1);
        }else{
            getSms();
            Toast.makeText(this,"读取成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    public void MyPermission2() {
        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},2);
        }
    }
    //读取
    public void getSms() {
        Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://sms/");
        ContentResolver contentResolver=getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor=contentResolver.query(uri,new String[]{"_id","address","date","type","body"},
                null,null,null);
        if(cursor!=null&&cursor.getCount()>0){
            textView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            if(smsInfoList!=null)smsInfoList.clear();
            text=" ";
            while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                int _id=cursor.getInt(0);
                String address=cursor.getString(1);
                long date=cursor.getLong(2);
                int type=cursor.getInt(3);
                String body=cursor.getString(4);
                SmsInfo smsInfo=new SmsInfo(address,date,type,body,_id);
                smsInfoList.add(smsInfo);
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        for(int i=0;i<smsInfoList.size();i++){
            text+="手机号："+smsInfoList.get(i).getAddress()+"\n";
            text+="短信内容"+smsInfoList.get(i).getBody()+"\n\n";
        }
        textView.setText(text);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,String[] permissions,int[] grantResults){
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode,permissions,grantResults);
        switch (requestCode){
            case 1:
                for(int i=0;i<permissions.length;i++){
                    if(grantResults[i]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                        getSms();
                        Toast.makeText(this,""+"权限"+permissions[i]+"申请成功，读取短信",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }else {
                        Toast.makeText(this,""+"权限"+permissions[i]+"申请失败，读取短信失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 2:
                for(int i=0;i<permissions.length;i++){
                    if(grantResults[i]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                        Toast.makeText(this,""+"权限"+permissions[i]+"申请成功，能够使用SD卡",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }else {
                        Toast.makeText(this,""+"权限"+permissions[i]+"申请失败，不能够使用SD卡",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

4.结果展示

安卓6.0以上需要获取虚拟机的动态权限。本文已经对动态权限进行了访问，进入虚拟机会主动询问是否获取权限。由于我第一次运行已经同意申请权限，所以后续的运行不在弹出对话框。

                

 文本框里面显示通讯录信息，点击XML保存之后，添加了“短信备份成功”这句话。

mes.xml

 怎么查看mes.xml文件，ContentResolver系统短信备份_啦啦嘿呀的博客-CSDN博客

 这篇博客内有介绍。