华为ospf特殊区域 LSA优化实验

题目
1.r4为LSP,只设置IP地址,与其直连设置地址设置公网IP
2.r3/r5/r6/r7设置MGRE环境,r3为中心站点
3.整个ospf环境IP地址为172.16.0.0/16
4.所有设备都可以ping通r4的环回
5.减少LSA更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全
6.全网可达
7.telnet r6的公网地址,实际登录到r12在这里插入图片描述各个设备配置

R1
sysname r1                                     
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0            
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.248.0                                                                                     
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.8.1 255.255.248.0      
#                                        
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1                  
 area 0.0.0.1                             
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$SQ%u)~hUVX:T`0+Jd2vAb0~q%$%$
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255                   //ospf密码认证,同一区域密码不同不能
                                                      建立邻居关系
(1)	  stub     // 设置区域1为末梢区域,并且同一区域的路由器必须都
要配置,否则无法建立邻居关系末梢区域,该区域拒绝4、5的LSA进入
而是由连接骨干区域的ABR设备,向该区域发布一条3类的缺省路由;

R2
sysname r2                                                                     
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.16.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2                  
 area 0.0.0.1                             
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$6O3LVHNRwB%FGpNq"LsBb1np%$%$
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255          
  stub  
R3
sysname r3  
acl number 2000                                   // 配置acl,允许哪些地址访问外网
 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 
#                                                                            
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 30.1.1.1 255.255.255.0        
 nat outbound 2000                //把ACL应用在接口上访问外网时,转换为公网地址                  
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
#                                         
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0            
 ip address 172.16.1.3 255.255.248.0      
#                                         
                                      
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.24.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Tunnel0/0/0                     
 ip address 172.16.32.3 255.255.248.0     
 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp                 //配置MGRE
 source 30.1.1.1                          
 ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$!|jP4u3NUMoQA'WT#d69b4`=%$%$
 ospf network-type broadcast              //Tunnel网络类型默认为p2p,需要改为
                                      broadcast,p2p只允许二个之间建立邻接关系
 nhrp entry multicast dynamic            //设置可以组播发,实际是给每个人都发一份        
 nhrp network-id 100                      
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3                  
 area 0.0.0.0                             
  network 172.16.32.3 0.0.0.0             
 area 0.0.0.1                             
  abr-summary 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0    //在abr上配置,区域路由汇总  
  authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$<*#TL^A_4%:],{&(-2PVb2gg%$%$
  network 172.16.1.3 0.0.0.0              
  network 172.16.24.1 0.0.0.0             
(2)	  stub no-summary                    //完全末梢区域,在末梢区域的基础上进一步拒绝
                                                3类的LSA,仅保留一条3类的缺省路由进入,
                                                骨干区域自动产生一条缺省指向本区域
                
#                                         
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.1.1.2  
#
R4
sysname r4                            
#                                         
interface Serial3/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 30.1.1.2 255.255.255.0        
#                                         
interface Serial3/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 50.1.1.2 255.255.255.0        
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 60.1.1.2 255.255.255.0        
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 70.1.1.2 255.255.255.0                                                
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0         
#
R5
sysname r5 
#  
acl number 2000  
 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 
#                                     
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 50.1.1.1 255.255.255.0        
 nat outbound 2000                        
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
#                                                                              
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.40.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Tunnel0/0/0                     
 ip address 172.16.32.5 255.255.248.0     
 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp                    //建立MGRE网络                
 source Serial4/0/0                       
 ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$=uD&>&&V9PC|P>C8'E`4b5VF%$%$
 ospf network-type broadcast              
 ospf dr-priority 0                  //优先值改为0,放弃DR选举          
 nhrp network-id 100                      
 nhrp entry 172.16.32.3 30.1.1.1 register            //向中心站点注册
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5                  
 area 0.0.0.0                             
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255          
#                                         
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 50.1.1.2  
R6
sysname r6  
#
acl number 2000  
 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255     
#                                  
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 60.1.1.1 255.255.255.0        
 nat server protocol tcp global current-interface telnet inside 172.16.72.2 telnet
                           //配置nat,实现telnet 地址映射
 nat outbound 2000                        
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.64.1 255.255.248.0                                             
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.48.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Tunnel0/0/0                     
 ip address 172.16.32.6 255.255.248.0     
 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp                 
 source Serial4/0/0                       
 ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$`4/!5*fZ!GpPC,;tJP51b5lA%$%$
 ospf network-type broadcast              
 ospf dr-priority 0                       
 nhrp network-id 100                      
 nhrp entry 172.16.32.3 30.1.1.1 register 
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6                  
 area 0.0.0.0                             
  network 172.16.32.6 0.0.0.0             
  network 172.16.48.1 0.0.0.0             
 area 0.0.0.2                             
  network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0             
  nssa no-summary      //完全NSSA – 在NSSA的基础上,进一步拒绝3类LSA;由连接骨
  干区域的ABR向该区域发布一条3类的缺省路由;本NSSA区域内部ASBR的路由基于7
  类传递,之后转换为5类进入骨干区域;abr上配置                   
#                                         
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 60.1.1.2  

R7
sysname r7
#
acl number 2000  
 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 
#                                        
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 70.1.1.1 255.255.255.0        
 nat outbound 2000                                                                
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.98.1 255.255.248.0                                           
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.56.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Tunnel0/0/0                     
 ip address 172.16.32.7 255.255.248.0     
 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp                 
 source Serial4/0/0                       
 ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher %$%$:,+0GJ4EC&kc{v1j$Z{Mb6`I%$%$
 ospf network-type broadcast              
 ospf dr-priority 0                       
 nhrp network-id 100                      
 nhrp entry 172.16.32.3 30.1.1.1 register 
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7                  
 area 0.0.0.0                             
  network 172.16.32.7 0.0.0.0             
  network 172.16.56.1 0.0.0.0             
 area 0.0.0.3                             
  network 172.16.98.1 0.0.0.0             
  nssa no-summary                         
#                                         
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 70.1.1.2  
R8
sysname r8
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.98.2 255.255.255.0     
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.106.1 255.255.248.0    
#                                      
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.114.1 255.255.248.0    
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8                  
 area 0.0.0.3                             
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255          
  nssa
R9
sysname r9
#                                       
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.106.2 255.255.248.0    
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.128.1 255.255.248.0    
#                                                                                
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.136.1 255.255.248.0    
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9                  
 import-route ospf 2                      
 area 0.0.0.1                             
 area 0.0.0.3                             
  network 172.16.106.2 0.0.0.0            
  nssa        // NSSA – 非完全末梢区域 --- 该区域将拒绝4/5的LSA;本NSSA所在区域
  ASBR产生的5类LSA,被7类传输,在通过该NSSA进入骨干区域时,被ARB转换回5
  类;NSSA区域的作用不是抑制本地ASBR产生的信息,而是抑制该网络中其他区域
  ASBR产生的4/5类LSA                            
 area 0.0.0.4                             
#                                         
ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.0                  
 default-route-advertise        //把路由表中的其他协议或其他进程产生的缺省路由,
                                导入到本OSPF域            
 import-route ospf 1                      
 area 0.0.0.4                             
  network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0            
  network 172.16.136.1 0.0.0.0            
  
R10
sysname r10                             
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.128.2 255.255.255.0    
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
#                                       
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.144.1 255.255.248.0    
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10              
 area 0.0.0.4                             
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255            
R11
sysname r11
#                                     
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.64.2 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.72.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                       
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.80.1 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11              
 area 0.0.0.2                             
  network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255          
  nssa                                    

R12
sysname r12
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default                           //配置telnet用户和密码
 domain default_admin                     
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http       
 local-user huawei password cipher %$%$Q>Tj-|+DC:;'=-0&(;F.bEu[%$%$
 local-user huawei privilege level 12     
 local-user huawei service-type telnet                                 
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/0                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
 ip address 172.16.72.2 255.255.248.0     
#                                         
interface Serial4/0/1                     
 link-protocol ppp                        
#                                        
interface LoopBack0                       
 ip address 172.16.160.1 255.255.240.0    
#                                         
interface LoopBack1                       
 ip address 172.16.176.1 255.255.240.0    
#                                         
ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12              
 import-route ospf 2                      
 area 0.0.0.2                             
  network 172.16.72.2 0.0.0.0             
  nssa                                    
#                                         
ospf 2                                    
 import-route ospf 1                      
 area 0.0.0.2                             
  network 172.16.160.1 0.0.0.0            
  network 172.16.176.1 0.0.0.0                                           
#                                                     
user-interface vty 0 4                    
 authentication-mode aaa        //允许telnet登录                          

兄弟姐妹们,开始学艺不精,后面慢慢补充哈

注意:在原有的基础上还可以进行优化

  1. r3,r5,r6,r7的tunnel口可以改为p2mp,不用选举dr,建邻快,但是会出现选路不好的问题,分支站点访问分支站点会先到中心站点再到目的分支。
    改进办法:(在tunnel口敲)
    中心站点 nhrp redirect
    分支站点 nhrp shortcut
    2.一个区域内,独立直连路由器的网络类型可以改为p2p(l例如图中的r7,r8),没有dr选举建邻快
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