HCIP交换（STP,VRRP）考察实验

 1. 根据要求分析实验所需用到的技术为：

eth-trunk   trunk干道   VLAN   STP   SVI   VRRP  DHCP

2.分别进入SW1与SW2的G0/0/23与G0/0/24接口配置eth-trunk

[SW1]interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW1]interface g0/0/23
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 0
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]int g0/0/24
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]eth-trunk 0

[SW2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2]int g0/0/23
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 0
[SW2]int g0/0/24
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]eth-trunk 0

3.将交换机互连的链路类型调为trunk

[SW1]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3  GigabitEthernet 0/0/4 Eth-
Trunk 0
[SW1-port-group]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk
[SW1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

[SW2]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 Eth-Tru
nk 0
[SW2-port-group]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk
[SW2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

[SW3]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/5
[SW3-port-group]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
[SW3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

[SW4]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[SW4-port-group]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW4-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

4.VLAN的创建和划分

[SW3]int g0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2

[SW4]int g0/0/2
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2

5.在各台交换机上配置MSTP（各台交换机配置相同）

[SW4]stp mode mstp
[SW4]stp enable
[SW4]stp region-configuration
[SW4-mst-region]region-name klpk
[SW4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[SW4-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2
[SW4-mst-region]active region-configuration

在各台交换机上查看STP brief发现SW4为根

接入层设备SW4为根，先需将根调整到汇聚层设备SW1上，根据分流需要，将组1的根调整到SW1,备根调整到SW2;将组2的根调整到SW2，备根调整到SW1；

[SW1]stp instance 1 root primary
[SW1]stp instance 2 root secondary

[SW2]stp instance 1 root secondary
[SW2]stp instance 2 root primary

配置完成后查看SW3与SW4的STP brief观察被阻塞接口

6.配置SVI

 [SW1]interface vlan 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.1.1 25
[SW1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2
[SW1-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.1.129 25

[SW2]int vlan 1
[SW2-Vlanif1]ip add 172.16.1.2 25
[SW2-Vlanif1]int vlan 2
[SW2-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.1.130 25

7.配置VRRP（网关冗余）

[SW1]int vlan 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 30
[SW1]int vlan 2
[SW1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

[SW2]int vlan 1
[SW2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[SW2]int vlan 2
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 reduced 30

配置完成后查看SW1与SW2的VRRP brief

VRRP配置完成

8.配置DHCP

[SW1]dhcp enable
[SW1]ip pool v1
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[SW1]ip pool v2
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.254
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[SW1]int vlan 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]dhcp select global
[SW1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2
[SW1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

[SW2]dhcp enable
[SW2]ip pool v1
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] network 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.128
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] dns-list 114.114.114.114
[SW2-ip-pool-v1]ip pool v2
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] gateway-list 172.16.1.254
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] network 172.16.1.128 mask 255.255.255.128
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] dns-list 114.114.114.114

[SW2]int vlan 1  
[SW2-Vlanif1]dhcp select global
[SW2-Vlanif1]int vlan 2
[SW2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

9.因ENSP模拟器自身问题需在SW1,SW2配置SVI模拟3层接口配置IP

[SW1]vlan 100
[SW1-vlan100]int g0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlan 100
[SW1-Vlanif100]ip add 172.16.0.1 30

[SW2]vlan 100
[SW2]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 100
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int vlan 100
[SW2-Vlanif100]ip add 172.16.0.5 30

配置路由器IP

[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.6 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24

[ISP]int g0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo 0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24

10.配置OSPF（三层链路做成Area0，底下部分做成Area1）

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255

[SW1]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[SW1-ospf-1]area 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1]area 1
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.129 0.0.0.0

[SW2]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[SW2-ospf-1]area 0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.5 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1]area 1
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.130 0.0.0.0

[SW1]ospf 1
[SW1-ospf-1]area 1
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

[SW2]ospf 1
[SW2-ospf-1]area 1
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

查看SW1的ospf邻居表

为解决SVI多余建邻的问题，需配置静默接口

[SW1]ospf 1
[SW1-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 1
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 100

[SW2]ospf 1
[SW2-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 100
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 1

11.在R1上配置easy nat

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise
[R1]acl 2000
[R1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

12.为了测试实验目的是否达成，现随机关闭SW1后用PC访问外网测试

 

测试发现可以正常访问外网

启动SW1，关闭SW2，通过PC4访问外网再次测试

测试发现可以正常访问外网

实验完成，该实验考察了HCIP阶段关于STP,VRRP的基础知识，实现分流状态，网络冗余，保障了网络的稳定性。