2021-03-12——JavaScript_10

JavaScript_10

  1. JavaScript中的BOM对象

浏览器对象模型--Browser ObjectModel (BOM)

Window 对象

 

   属性

有三种方法能够确定浏览器窗口的尺寸(浏览器的视口,不包括工具栏和滚动条)。

对于Internet Explorer、Chrome、Firefox、Opera 以及 Safari:

window.innerHeight - 浏览器窗口的内部高度

window.innerWidth - 浏览器窗口的内部宽度

对于 Internet Explorer 8、7、6、5:

document.documentElement.clientHeight

document.documentElement.clientWidth

或者

document.body.clientHeight

document.body.clientWidth

实用的 JavaScript 方案(涵盖所有浏览器):

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          window.onload=function(){

                                   //确定浏览器窗口的尺寸(浏览器的视口,不包括工具栏和滚动条)

                                   var w=window.innerWidth || 

                                              document.documentElement.clientWidth || 

                                              document.body.clientWidth;

                                   var h=window.innerHeight || 

                                         document.documentElement.clientHeight ||

                                              document.body.clientHeight;

                                   window.alert(w+"*"+h);          

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

         </body>

</html>

   方法

       其他方法:open() 方法用于打开一个新的浏览器窗口或查找一个已命名的窗口

                 格式:window.open(URL,name,features,replace)

URL

一个可选的字符串,声明了要在新窗口中显示的文档的 URL。如果省略了这个参数,或者它的值是空字符串,那么新窗口就不会显示任何文档。

name

一个可选的字符串,该字符串是一个由逗号分隔的特征列表,其中包括数字、字母和下划线,该字符声明了新窗口的名称。这个名称可以用作标记 <a> 和 <form> 的属性 target 的值。如果该参数指定了一个已经存在的窗口,那么 open() 方法就不再创建一个新窗口,而只是返回对指定窗口的引用。在这种情况下,features 将被忽略。

features

一个可选的字符串,声明了新窗口要显示的标准浏览器的特征。如果省略该参数,新窗口将具有所有标准特征。

replace

一个可选的布尔值。规定了装载到窗口的 URL 是在窗口的浏览历史中创建一个新条目,还是替换浏览历史中的当前条目。支持下面的值:

true - URL 替换浏览历史中的当前条目。

false - URL 在浏览历史中创建新的条目。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          function open_win(){

                                   window.open("https://www.baidu.com/");

                          }

                          function open_aboutblank(){

                                   window.open("about:blank","空白页","width=200,height=100",false);

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

                  <input type=button value="Open百度" onclick="open_win()" /><br>

                  <input type=button value="about:blank" onclick="open_aboutblank()" />

         </body>

</html>

重要事项:请不要混淆方法 Window.open() 与方法 Document.open(),这两者的功能完全不同。为了使您的代码清楚明白,请使用 Window.open(),而不要使用 open()。                

close() 方法用于关闭浏览器窗口。

说明:方法 close() 将关闭有 window 指定的顶层浏览器窗口。某个窗口可以通过调用 self.close() 或只调用 close() 来关闭其自身。

只有通过 JavaScript 代码打开的窗口才能够由 JavaScript 代码关闭。这阻止了恶意的脚本终止用户的浏览器。

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          var myWindow=null;

                         

                          window.onload=function(){

                                   myWindow=window.open("about:blank","","width=200,height=100");

                                   myWindow.document.write("This is 'myWindow'");

                          }

                         

                          function closeWin(){

                                   myWindow.close();

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

                  <input type="button" value="Close 'myWindow'"

                  onclick="closeWin()" />

         </body>

</html>

      JavaScript 弹窗方法

在 JavaScript 中创建三种消息框:警告框、确认框、提示框。

警告框:window.alert("sometext");

确认框:window.confirm("sometext");

当确认卡弹出时,用户可以点击 "确认" 或者 "取消" 来确定用户操作。

当你点击 "确认", 确认框返回 true, 如果点击 "取消", 确认框返回 false。

提示框:window.prompt("sometext","defaultvalue");

当提示框出现后,用户需要输入某个值,然后点击确认或取消按钮才能继续操纵。

如果用户点击确认,那么返回值为输入的值。如果用户点击取消,那么返回值为 null。

参数1---提示信息

参数2---提示框的默认值

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <style>

                          #div1{

                                   width: 300px;

                                   height: 300px;

                                   background-color: red;

                          }

                  </style>

                  <script>

                          window.onload=function(){

                                   var butObj=document.getElementById("but1");

                                   butObj.onclick=function(){

                                            //window.alert("测试警告框");

                                            var val=window.confirm("确定要删除吗?");

                                            if(val){

                                                     var divObj=document.getElementById("div1");

                                                     var hObj=document.getElementById("h");

                                                     divObj.removeChild(hObj);

                                            }

                                   }

                                  

                                   var butObj2=document.getElementById("but2");

                                   butObj2.onclick=function(){

                                            var val=window.prompt("请输入姓名","");

                                            if(val.length>0){

                                                     alert(val);

                                            }else{

                                                     alert("不能为空!");

                                            }

                                   }

                                  

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

                  <div id="div1">

                          <h1 id="h">测试确认框</h1>

                  </div>

                  <input id="but1" type="button" value="删除H1" /><br>

                  <input id="but2" type="button" value="测试提示框" />

         </body>

</html>

   子对象

  1. Window Screen--屏幕

window.screen 对象包含有关用户屏幕的信息。

  1. 总宽度和总高度  --- screen.width   /  screen.height
  2. 可用宽度和可用高度----screen.availWidth  / screen.availHeight
  3. 色彩深度----screen.colorDepth
  4. 色彩分辨率----screen.pixelDepth
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          //1.总宽度和总高度  --- screen.width   /  screen.height

                          window.document.write("<h1>总宽度和总高度:"+window.screen.width+

                          "*"+window.screen.height+"</h1>");

                          //2.可用宽度和可用高度----screen.availWidth  / screen.availHeight

                          window.document.write("<h1>可用宽度和可用高度:"+window.screen.availWidth+

                          "*"+window.screen.availHeight+"</h1>");

                          //3.色彩深度----screen.colorDepth

                          window.document.write("<h1>色彩深度:"+window.screen.colorDepth+"</h1>");

                          //3.色彩分辨率----screen.pixelDepth

                          window.document.write("<h1>色彩分辨率:"+window.screen.colorDepth+"</h1>");

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

         </body>

</html>
  1. Window Location---页面的地址 (URL)

对象用于获得当前页面的地址 (URL),并把浏览器重定向到新的页面。

location.href 属性返回当前页面的 URL

location.search 属性是一个可读可写的字符串,可设置或返回当前 URL 的查询部分(问号 ? 之后的部分)。

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          document.write("<h1>href:"+window.location.href+"</h1>");

                          document.write("<h1>pathname :"+window.location.pathname +"</h1>");

                          document.write("<h1>search :"+window.location.search+"</h1>");

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

         </body>

</html>

实例:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title>用户登录</title>

                  <script>

                          window.onload=function(){

                                   var but1=document.getElementById("but1");

                                   var username=document.getElementById("text1");

                                   var password=document.getElementById("pass1");

                                   var span=document.getElementById("span");

                                   but1.onclick=function(){

                                            var usernamevalue=username.value;

                                            var passwordvalue=password.value;

                                            if(usernamevalue=="zhangsan" && passwordvalue=="123456"){

                                                     //跳转到成功的页面,传递用户名

                                                     window.location.href="success.html?username="+usernamevalue;

                                            }else{

                                                     //给出错误提示

                                                     span.innerHTML="<font color='red'>用户名密码错误!</font>";

                                            }

                                   }

                                   //为用户名输入框添加聚焦事件

                                   username.onfocus=function(){

                                            span.innerHTML="";

                                            username.value="";

                                            password.value="";

                                   }

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

                  <center>

                  <table border="1px">

                          <tr align="center">

                                   <td colspan="2">

                                            <h1>用户登录</h1>

                                            <span id="span"></span>

                                   </td>

                          </tr>

                          <tr align="center">

                                   <td>用户名:</td>

                                   <td><input id="text1" type="text" name="username"></td>

                          </tr>

                          <tr align="center">

                                   <td>密码:</td>

                                   <td><input id="pass1" type="password" name="password"></td>

                          </tr>

                          <tr align="center">

                                   <td colspan="2"><input id="but1" type="button" value="用户登录" /></td>

                          </tr>

                  </table>

                  </center>

         </body>

</html>



<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

         <head>

                  <meta charset="utf-8">

                  <title></title>

                  <script>

                          window.onload=function(){

                                   var searchvalue=window.location.search;

                                   if(searchvalue.length<=0){

                                            window.location.href="login.html";

                                   }else{

                                       //searchvalue===?username=zhangsan

                                            //var strarray=searchvalue.split("=");

                                            //var username=strarray[1];

                                            var username=searchvalue.split("=")[1];

                                            var h1obj=document.getElementById("h1");

                                            h1obj.innerHTML="欢迎,"+username+"登录成功!";

                                   }

                          }

                  </script>

         </head>

         <body>

                  <center>

                          <h1 id="h1">欢迎,登录成功!</h1>

                  </center>

         </body>

</html>
  1. Window History---历史对象
  2. Window Navigator--浏览器的信息
  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值