keepalived 高可用 keepalived+nginx

keepalived高可用 HA
    

原理
    Virtual Route Redundancy Protocol，即虚拟路由冗余协议。
    它主要是实现路由器高可用的容错协议。
    将多台路由器组成路由器组（Router Group），组中包括Master及Backup，
    在外部看来就像一台路由器，拥有一个VIP。Master会发送组播消息，
    当Backup在指定的时间收不到vrrp包就会认为master宕掉，
    然后通过VRRP协议再次竞选新的路由器当Master，从而保证路由器的高可用。

keepalived+nginx

nginx1    12.18.130.139      master
nginx2    12.18.130.138      backup
 路由器vip    12.18.130.137

nopreempt 仅在身份相同才能生效 （ master   backup）

=======================
测试
关闭master的keepalived，vip会飘逸到backup。完全替代master的功能，且用户无感知
缺点:
    当master重新启动，则vip会再次飘逸，回到master
    相当于人为制造了一次宕机
    
解决方案:
    多台都是BACKUP,且配置nopreempt。
    
-------------------------------------    
多台都是BACKUP ，解决了抢占问题，
但是如果nginx宕机，则keepalived运行，vip不会飘逸

为服务增加存活检测，当nginx服务宕机，则自动关闭keepalived，让vip发生飘逸

vim  /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
curl http://localhost:80 &> /dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
    sysetmctl stop keepalived
fi
# chmod u+x /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
 

一、nginx 1 部署配置keepalived服务

1、部署web服务

#  yum -y install nginx 

1.1 修改nginx1    12.18.130.138   配置文件配置页面

# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
   listen 80;
   server_name _;

   location / {
      root /wed/xxy;
     index  index.html index.htm;

  }

}

1.2 创建发布目录

# mkdir -pv /wed/xxy

1.3 写发布目录内容

# vim /wed/xxy/index.html

1.4 重启nginx

# systemctl restart nginx

2、在nginx1部署keepalived服务

# yum -y install keepalived 
# mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id director139            
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
   script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"     #脚本
   interval 1
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER     
    nopreempt                    
    interface ens33                     # 网卡
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
       12.18.130.137
    }

 track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

3.编写刷新脚本

vim  /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
curl http://localhost:80 &> /dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
    sysetmctl stop keepalived
fi
# chmod u+x /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
 

二、在nginx2上部署keepalived服务

1、部署web服务

#  yum -y install nginx 

1.1 修改nginx1    12.18.130.139   配置文件配置页面

# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
   listen 80;
   server_name _;

   location / {
      root /wed/xxy;
     index  index.html index.htm;

  }

}

1.2 创建发布目录

# mkdir -pv /wed/xxy

1.3 写发布目录内容

# vim /wed/xxy/index.html

1.4 重启nginx

# systemctl restart nginx

2、在nginx2部署keepalived服务

# yum -y install keepalived 
# mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id director139            
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
   script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"     #脚本
   interval 1
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER     
    nopreempt                    
    interface ens33                     # 网卡
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
       12.18.130.137
    }

 track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

3.编写刷新脚本

vim  /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
curl http://localhost:80 &> /dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
    sysetmctl stop keepalived
fi
# chmod u+x /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh

三、在客户端访问或浏览器访问

vip        12.18.130.137