【JAVA】图书管理系统（简单初阶版）

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-03 20:09:46 发布

'Dream是普通小孩耶

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-03 20:09:46 发布

阅读量969

点赞数 2

分类专栏： Note-JavaSE 文章标签： java jvm 开发语言图书馆

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_54150521/article/details/125863801

版权

Note-JavaSE 专栏收录该内容

17 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

图书管理系统

一定要努力坚持！

注：
项目重点不在业务逻辑的实现，而是在于框架，如何使用学习过的面向对象的思想来创建与实现。

冲冲冲！

一、book包

book包实现了两个java文件：

1. Book.java （用于存储一本书的信息）

package book;

public class Book {
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private String type;
    private double price;
    boolean isBorrowed; // 默认false
    // 保证其隐私：封装


    public Book(String name, String author, String type, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.type = type;
        this.price = price;

        // 这个不必写到构造方法中，默认就是false
        /*this.isBorrowed = isBorrowed;*/
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public boolean getIsBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    // 重写toString方法

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", " + ((isBorrowed == false)?("未借出"):("已借出")) +
                '}';
    }
}

2. BookList.java （书架：用于陈列书，以Book类来创建数组）

package book;

public class BookList {
    // 书架：作为一个数组，类型是Book，存储书的信息

    private Book book[] = new Book[10];

    private int usedSize; //已经存在的书本数量

    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }


// 以下是错误写法
   /* private String name;
    private String author;
    private String type;
    private float price;
    boolean isBorrowed;

    public BookList(Book[] book, String name, String author, String type, float price, boolean isBorrowed) {
        this.book = book;
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.type = type;
        this.price = price;
        this.isBorrowed = isBorrowed;
    }*/

    public BookList() {
        // 构造方法：先进行数组初始化--初始化几本书
        book[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中","小说",29.8);
        book[1] = new Book("哈利波特","JK罗琳","小说",59.5);
        book[2] = new Book("飞鸟集","泰戈尔","诗集",30);

        usedSize = 3; //同一个类中可以直接赋值
    }

    // 此时pos一定合法

    public Book getBook(int pos) {
        return book[pos];
    }

    public void setBook(int pos, Book books) {
        book[pos] = books;
    }
}

二、operation包

1. IOperation.java （其实是interface）

package operation;

import book.BookList;

public interface IOperation {
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

2. FindOperation.java （查找图书）


import java.util.Scanner;

// 查找图书
public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书！");
        System.out.println("请输入您想要查找的图书名字：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();

        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println(bookList.getBook(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("抱歉 未找到此书！");
    }
}

3. BorrowOperation.java （借阅图书）

package operation;

import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

// 借阅操作

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书！");
        System.out.println("请输入您想要借阅的图书名字：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int i =0;
        for (i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)) {
                if(bookList.getBook(i).getIsBorrowed()== false) {
                   bookList.getBook(i).setBorrowed(true);
                    System.out.println("借阅成功！");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if(i == currentSize) {
            System.out.println("抱歉 不存在该图书！");
        }
    }
}

4. ReturnOperation.java （归还图书）

package operation;

import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;
//归还操作

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书！");
        System.out.println("请输入您想要归还的图书名字：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int i=0;
        for (i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)) {
                if(bookList.getBook(i).getIsBorrowed() == true) {
                   bookList.getBook(i).setBorrowed(false);
                    System.out.println("归还成功！");
                    break;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉 该书未被借阅！");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if(i == currentSize) {
            System.out.println("抱歉 不存在该图书！");
        }
    }
}

5. AddOperation.java （新增图书）

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

// 新增图书
public class AddOperation implements IOperation {

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("新增图书！");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入书名：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入作者：");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入类型：");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入价格：");
        double price = scanner.nextDouble();

        // 构造一本书 用来传入参数
        Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();

        // 注意传入的参数！！
        /*bookList.setBook(currentSize, bookList.getBook());*/

        // 修改后
        bookList.setBook(currentSize, book);

        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);

        System.out.println("新增图书成功！");
    }
}

6. DelOperation.java （删除图书）

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

// 删除图书
public class DelOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书！");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入书名：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();

        // 进行覆盖
        int i = 0;
        int index = -1;
        for (i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)) {
                index= i;  //进行标记
                break;
            }
        }
        // 跳出循环
        // 1. i >= currentSize
        if(i == currentSize) {
            System.out.println("抱歉 未找到该图书！");
        }

        // 2. 找到图书
        for (int j = index; j < currentSize-1; j++) {
            bookList.setBook(j, bookList.getBook(j+1));
        }
        // 置空
        bookList.setBook(currentSize-1,null);
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);

        System.out.println("删除图书成功！");
    }
}

7. DisOperation.java （显示图书信息）

package operation;

import book.BookList;

// 显示图书信息
public class DisOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("显示图书信息！");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            System.out.println(bookList.getBook(i));
        }
    }
}

8. ExitOperation.java （退出系统）

package operation;


import book.BookList;

// 退出系统
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统！");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

三、User包

1. User.java （抽象类）

package user;

import book.BookList;
import operation.IOperation;

public abstract class User {
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public abstract int choice();

    protected IOperation[] iOperation;  // 只是声明，没有进行分配和初始化

    public abstract void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList);

}

2. NormalUser.java （普通用户）

package user;

import book.BookList;
import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{

    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOperation = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation(),
                new DisOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int choice() {
        System.out.println("hello "+ getName() +" 欢迎来到图书管理系统！");
        System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
        System.out.println("2. 借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3. 归还图书");
        System.out.println("4. 显示图书");
        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
        System.out.println("请输入您的操作选择：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
        this.iOperation[choice].work(bookList);
    }
}

3. AdminUser.java （管理员）

package user;

import book.BookList;
import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AdminUser extends User{

    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOperation = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int choice() {
        System.out.println("hello "+ getName() +" 欢迎来到图书管理系统！");
        System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
        System.out.println("2. 新增图书");
        System.out.println("3. 删除图书");
        System.out.println("4. 显示图书");
        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
        System.out.println("请输入您的操作选择：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
        this.iOperation[choice].work(bookList);
    }
}

四、sum包（进行整合）

Main.java

package sum;

import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

// 进行整合
public class Main {
    //注意返回类型：发生了向上转型！！
    public static User login() {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入您的名字：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入您的身份：1.管理员  2.普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();

        if(choice == 1) {
           return new AdminUser(name);
        } else if(choice == 2) {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        } else {
            System.out.println("输入错误 请重新输入！");
            return login();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 首先准备书架
        BookList bookList = new BookList();

        // 然后进行登录
        User user = login();

        while(true) {

            //进行菜单选择：即进行项目选项
            int choice = user.choice(); //发生动态绑定

            // 要确定具体的是哪个角色的选项
            user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
        }
    }
}