OpenFeign的使用和Hystrix概念以及四种服务降级方式

一、使用OpenFeign

1.新建一个消费者募模块cloud-consumer-feign-order80.feign自带负载均衡配置，所以不用手动配置.

2.导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!-- Open Feign -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- eureka Client -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <groupId>com.krisswen.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
        <version>${
   project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.编写配置文件

server:
  port: 80
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-feign-service
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/

4.编写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients //开启使用feign客户端的功能
public class CustomerFeignMain80 {
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        SpringApplication.run(CustomerFeignMain80.class,args);
    }
}

5.编写feign客户端

	@FeignClient(value = "cloud-payment-service") //标识当前接口就是一个feign客户端,并且指定调用哪一个微服务
public interface PaymentFeignService {
   
    @GetMapping("payment/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> findPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

6.编写controller

@RestController
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class OrderController {
   

    @Autowired
    OrderFeignClient orderFeignClient;

    @GetMapping("order/feign/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
   
        CommonResult<Payment> commonResult = this.orderFeignClient.findPaymentById(id);
        return commonResult;
    }

7.启动测试 分别启动 两台eureka 7001 7002 两台服务提供方 8001 8002启动feign客户端 cloud-consumer-feign-order80，效果如下

二、超时控制

1.在8001服务提供方的controller里面定义一个故意超时方法

	@GetMapping("payment/timeout")
    public String testTimeOut(){
   
        /*try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }*/
        try {
   
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "这是一个模拟超时的服务......"<