最大子数组 【动态规划】算法

最大子数组【动态规划】

所谓最大子数组就是连续的若干数组元素,如果其和是最大的,那么这个子数组就称为该数组的最大子数组。

例题

题目：输入一个整形数组，数组里有正数也有负数。数组中连续的一个或多个整数组成一个子数组，每个子数组都有一个和。求所有子数组的和的最大值。要求时间复杂度为O(n)。

例如输入的数组为1, -2, 3, 10, -4, 7, 2, -5，和最大的子数组为3, 10, -4, 7, 2，因此输出为该子数组的和18。

• 1.求最大的子数组的和

代码【C++】

#include <iostream>
 
using namespace std;
 
/
// Find the greatest sum of all sub-arrays
// Return value: if the input is valid, return true, otherwise return false
/
bool FindGreatestSumOfSubArray
    (
    int *pData,           // an array
    unsigned int nLength, // the length of array
    int &nGreatestSum     // the greatest sum of all sub-arrays
    )
{
    // if the input is invalid, return false
    if((pData == NULL) || (nLength == 0))
        return false;
 
    int nCurSum = nGreatestSum = 0;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < nLength; ++i)
    {
        nCurSum += pData[i];
 
        // if the current sum is negative, discard it
        if(nCurSum < 0)
            nCurSum = 0;
 
        // if a greater sum is found, update the greatest sum
        if(nCurSum > nGreatestSum)
            nGreatestSum = nCurSum;
    }
    // if all data are negative, find the greatest element in the array
    if(nGreatestSum == 0)
    {
        nGreatestSum = pData[0];
        for(unsigned int i = 1; i < nLength; ++i)
        {
            if(pData[i] > nGreatestSum)
                nGreatestSum = pData[i];
        }
    }
 
    return true;
}
 
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {1, -2, 3, 10, -4, 7, 2, -5};
    int iGreatestSum;
    FindGreatestSumOfSubArray(arr, sizeof(arr)/sizeof(int), iGreatestSum);
    cout << iGreatestSum << endl;
 
    return 0;
}

结果

---

• 2.求和最大的相应子数组

代码【C++】

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
 
/
// Find the greatest sum of all sub-arrays
// Return value: if the input is valid, return true, otherwise return false
/
bool FindGreatestSumOfSubArray
    (
    int *pData,           // an array
    unsigned int nLength, // the length of array
    int &nGreatestSum,    // the greatest sum of all sub-arrays
    int &start,                            // Added
    int &end                            // Added
    )
{
    // if the input is invalid, return false
    if((pData == NULL) || (nLength == 0))
        return false;
 
    int nCurSum = nGreatestSum = 0;
    int curStart = 0, curEnd = 0;        // Added
    start = end = 0;                    // Added
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < nLength; ++i)
    {
        nCurSum += pData[i];
        curEnd = i;                        // Added
 
        // if the current sum is negative, discard it
        if(nCurSum < 0)
        {
            nCurSum = 0;
            curStart = curEnd = i + 1;    // Added
        }
 
        // if a greater sum is found, update the greatest sum
        if(nCurSum > nGreatestSum)
        {
            nGreatestSum = nCurSum;
            start = curStart;            // Added
            end = curEnd;                // Added
        }
    }
    // if all data are negative, find the greatest element in the array
    if(nGreatestSum == 0)
    {
        nGreatestSum = pData[0];
        start = end = 0;                // Added
        for(unsigned int i = 1; i < nLength; ++i)
        {
            if(pData[i] > nGreatestSum)
            {
                nGreatestSum = pData[i];
                start = end = i;        // Added
            }
        }
    }
 
    return true;
}
 
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {1, -2, 3, 10, -4, 7, 2, -5};
    int iGreatestSum, start, end;
    FindGreatestSumOfSubArray(arr, sizeof(arr)/sizeof(int), iGreatestSum, 
        start, end);
 
    cout << iGreatestSum << ": ";
    for(int i = start; i <= end; i++)
    {
        cout << arr[i] << " ";
    }
 
    return 0;
}

结果