C++互斥锁测试

C or Cpp

已于 2024-07-18 17:11:06 修改

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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++ 开发语言

于 2024-07-18 17:02:29 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_57097753/article/details/140527708

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#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
std::mutex mtx;         // 创建一个互斥锁
std::string sharedData; // 共享数据

void writeData() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        // std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx); // 锁住互斥锁
        // 写入共享数据
        sharedData = "start=> ";
        sharedData += std::to_string(i);
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(60)); // 模拟写入过程中的延迟
        sharedData += " <=end!\n";
        std::cout << "Write data: " << i << std::endl;
    }
}

void readData() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {

        // std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);                      // 锁住互斥锁
        std::cout << "Reading data: " << sharedData << std::endl;   // 读取共享数据
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50)); // 模拟读取过程中的延迟
    }
}

int main() {
    std::thread writer(writeData);
    std::thread reader(readData);

    writer.join();
    reader.join();

    return 0;
}

不加锁，还没写完就读取，容易出问题。输出如下

Reading data: start=> 0
Reading data: start=> 0
Write data: 0
Reading data: start=> 1
Write data: 1
Reading data: start=> 2
Write data: 2
Reading data: start=> 3
Write data: 3
Write data: 4

正确的写法如下

#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
std::mutex mtx;         // 创建一个互斥锁
std::string sharedData; // 共享数据

void writeData() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx); // 锁住互斥锁
            // 写入共享数据
            sharedData = "start=> ";
            sharedData += std::to_string(i);
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50)); // 模拟写入过程中的延迟
            sharedData += " <=end!\n";
            std::cout << "Write data: " << i << std::endl;
        }
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)); // 模拟每次调用写的间隔
    }
}

void readData() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);                    // 锁住互斥锁
            std::cout << "Reading data: " << sharedData << std::endl; // 读取共享数据
        }
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500)); // //模拟每次调用读的间隔
    }
}

int main() {
    std::thread writer(writeData);
    std::thread reader(readData);

    writer.join();
    reader.join();

    return 0;
}

输出

Reading data: 
Write data: 0
Reading data: start=> 0 <=end!

Write data: 1
Reading data: start=> 1 <=end!

Write data: 2
Reading data: start=> 2 <=end!