【Java】线程通信：生产者消费者问题

【Java】线程通信：生产者消费者问题

需求

解决生产者消费者的两种方法

1. 管程法：
2. 信号灯法

管程法

1. 利用缓冲区
2. 步骤
   • 编写产品类Product
   • 编写缓冲区Warehouse
     • 生产者存商品方法
     • 消费者取商品方法
   • 编写生产者类Productor：只负责生产
   • 编写消费者类Cunsomer：只负责消费
   • 编写测试类：启动线程
3. 代码

   package com.cxl.demo08_communication;
   //管程法：利用缓冲区解决
   //生产者、消费者、产品、缓冲区
   public class Demo08_01_Monitor {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           Warehouse warehouse = new Warehouse();
           new Productor(warehouse).start();
           new Consumer(warehouse).start();
       }
   }
   class Productor extends Thread{
       Warehouse warehouse;
       public Productor(Warehouse warehouse){
           this.warehouse = warehouse;
       }
       //生产
       @Override
       public void run() {
           for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
               try {
                   warehouse.push(new Product(i));
                   System.out.println("生产者生产了第"+i+"个产品");
   //                Thread.sleep(1000);
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
   
           }
       }
   }
   class Consumer extends Thread {
       Warehouse warehouse;
       public Consumer (Warehouse warehouse) {
           this.warehouse = warehouse;
       }
       //消费
       @Override
       public void run() {
           for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
               try {
                   System.out.println("消费者购买了第"+warehouse.pop().id+"个产品");
   //                Thread.sleep(2000);
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
           }
       }
   }
   class Product{
       int id;
   
       public Product(int id) {
           this.id = id;
       }
   }
   class Warehouse{
       Product[] products = new Product[10];   //仓库大小
       int num = 0;
       //生产者存放商品
       public synchronized void push(Product product) throws InterruptedException {
           //判断仓库是否已满
           if (num == products.length) {
               //通知消费者,生产者等待
               this.wait();
           }
   
           products[num] = product;
           num++;
           //通知消费者取出
           this.notifyAll();
       }
       //消费者取出商品
       public synchronized Product pop() throws InterruptedException {
           if (num == 0) {
               //等待消费者生产，消费者等待
               this.wait();
           }
   
           num--;
           Product product = products[num];
           //通知生产者生产
           this.notifyAll();
           return product;
       }
   }
   
   
   

信号灯法

1. 利用标志位
2. 步骤
   • 编写产品类Commodity
     • 已有产品，等待消费
       • 通知消费者开始消费
       • 更新产品与信号
     • 无产品，等待生产
       • 通知生产者开始生产
       • 更新信号
   • 编写生产者类Producter：生产产品
   • 编写消费者类Customer：消费产品
   • 编写测试类：启动线程
3. 代码

   package com.cxl.demo08_communication;
   //信号灯法：利用标志位
   public class Demo08_02_Signal {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           Commodity commodity = new Commodity();
           new Producter(commodity).start();
           new Customer(commodity).start();
       }
   }
   
   //生产者
   class Producter extends Thread {
       Commodity commodity;
       public Producter(Commodity commodity) {
           this.commodity = commodity;
       }
   
       @Override
       public void run() {
           for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
               try{
                   if (i % 3 == 0){
                       this.commodity.production("产品1");
                   }else {
                       this.commodity.production("产品2");
                   }
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
           }
       }
   }
   //消费者
   class Customer extends Thread {
       Commodity commodity;
       public Customer(Commodity commodity){
           this.commodity = commodity;
       }
   
       @Override
       public void run() {
           try {
               for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                   commodity.custorme();
               }
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }
   //产品
   class Commodity{
       String product;
       boolean flag = true;    //启用生产
       //生产者生产，消费者等待
       public synchronized void production(String product) throws InterruptedException {
           if (!flag) {
               this.wait();
           }
           System.out.println("生产者生产了商品："+product);
           //通知消费者
           this.notifyAll();
           this.product = product;
           this.flag = !this.flag;
       }
       //消费者消费，生产那种等待
       public synchronized void custorme() throws InterruptedException {
           if (flag) {
               this.wait();
           }
           System.out.println("消费者消费了商品："+product);
           //通知生产者生产
           this.notifyAll();
           this.flag = !this.flag;
       }
   }